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所指代的范围。",[918,1044,1045,1046,1049,1050,1053,1054,1056,1057,1059,1060,1063,1064,943,1067,1070],{},"此外，如果一个对象可以提供这样的一对迭代器，则称该对象",[922,1047,1048],{},"满足范围概念","。我有时会简称这样的对象为范围概念。比如 STL 容器 ",[940,1051,1052],{},"std::vector"," 等都是范围概念：它们提供的 ",[940,1055,942],{}," ",[940,1058,946],{}," 成员函数就是一对指代范围的迭代器。数组也是范围概念，对于数组 ",[940,1061,1062],{},"int a[N];"," 来说，",[940,1065,1066],{},"&a[0]",[940,1068,1069],{},"&a[N]"," 就是一对迭代器，其所指代的范围是全体数组元素。",[918,1072,1073,1074,943,1077,1080],{},"我们可以将范围概念传入 STL 算法，比如之前介绍的 ",[940,1075,1076],{},"rg::sort",[940,1078,1079],{},"rg::stable_sort","。此外，我们还可以将指代范围的迭代器对传入：",[970,1082,1084],{"className":972,"code":1083,"language":974,"meta":934,"style":934},"#include \u003Cvector>\n#include \u003Calgorithm>\nnamespace rg = std::ranges;\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector a{4, 1, 6, 2};\n    rg::sort(a.begin(), a.end()); \u002F\u002F 等价于 rg::sort(a);\n}\n",[940,1085,1086,1101,1112,1137,1144,1159,1196,1234],{"__ignoreMap":934},[978,1087,1088,1091,1094,1098],{"class":980,"line":981},[978,1089,1090],{"class":984},"#include",[978,1092,1093],{"class":988}," \u003C",[978,1095,1097],{"class":1096},"sfazB","vector",[978,1099,1100],{"class":988},">\n",[978,1102,1103,1105,1107,1110],{"class":980,"line":1016},[978,1104,1090],{"class":984},[978,1106,1093],{"class":988},[978,1108,1109],{"class":1096},"algorithm",[978,1111,1100],{"class":988},[978,1113,1114,1118,1122,1125,1128,1131,1134],{"class":980,"line":1031},[978,1115,1117],{"class":1116},"spNyl","namespace",[978,1119,1121],{"class":1120},"sBMFI"," rg",[978,1123,1124],{"class":988}," =",[978,1126,1127],{"class":1120}," std",[978,1129,1130],{"class":988},"::",[978,1132,1133],{"class":1120},"ranges",[978,1135,1136],{"class":988},";\n",[978,1138,1140],{"class":980,"line":1139},4,[978,1141,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},true,"\n",[978,1145,1147,1150,1154,1157],{"class":980,"line":1146},5,[978,1148,1149],{"class":1116},"int",[978,1151,1153],{"class":1152},"s2Zo4"," main",[978,1155,1156],{"class":988},"()",[978,1158,1013],{"class":988},[978,1160,1162,1165,1167,1170,1173,1177,1180,1183,1185,1188,1190,1193],{"class":980,"line":1161},6,[978,1163,1164],{"class":1120},"    std",[978,1166,1130],{"class":988},[978,1168,1169],{"class":992},"vector a",[978,1171,1172],{"class":988},"{",[978,1174,1176],{"class":1175},"sbssI","4",[978,1178,1179],{"class":988},",",[978,1181,1182],{"class":1175}," 1",[978,1184,1179],{"class":988},[978,1186,1187],{"class":1175}," 6",[978,1189,1179],{"class":988},[978,1191,1192],{"class":1175}," 2",[978,1194,1195],{"class":988},"};\n",[978,1197,1199,1202,1204,1207,1210,1213,1216,1218,1221,1224,1226,1228,1231],{"class":980,"line":1198},7,[978,1200,1201],{"class":1120},"    rg",[978,1203,1130],{"class":988},[978,1205,1206],{"class":1152},"sort",[978,1208,1209],{"class":988},"(",[978,1211,1212],{"class":992},"a",[978,1214,1215],{"class":988},".",[978,1217,942],{"class":1152},[978,1219,1220],{"class":988},"(),",[978,1222,1223],{"class":992}," a",[978,1225,1215],{"class":988},[978,1227,946],{"class":1152},[978,1229,1230],{"class":988},"());",[978,1232,1233],{"class":1027}," \u002F\u002F 等价于 rg::sort(a);\n",[978,1235,1237],{"class":980,"line":1236},8,[978,1238,1034],{"class":988},[918,1240,1241],{},"这种写法应用在数组上非常方便。",[970,1243,1245],{"className":972,"code":1244,"language":974,"meta":934,"style":934},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Calgorithm>\nnamespace rg = std::ranges;\n\nint main() {\n    int a[10]{4, 1, 6, 2};\n\n    \u002F\u002F 只对 a[0] ~ a[3] 排序\n    rg::sort(&a[0], &a[4]);\n\n    for (auto i : a) {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C i \u003C\u003C ' ';\n    }\n}\n",[940,1246,1247,1258,1268,1284,1288,1298,1330,1334,1339,1373,1378,1401,1426,1432],{"__ignoreMap":934},[978,1248,1249,1251,1253,1256],{"class":980,"line":981},[978,1250,1090],{"class":984},[978,1252,1093],{"class":988},[978,1254,1255],{"class":1096},"iostream",[978,1257,1100],{"class":988},[978,1259,1260,1262,1264,1266],{"class":980,"line":1016},[978,1261,1090],{"class":984},[978,1263,1093],{"class":988},[978,1265,1109],{"class":1096},[978,1267,1100],{"class":988},[978,1269,1270,1272,1274,1276,1278,1280,1282],{"class":980,"line":1031},[978,1271,1117],{"class":1116},[978,1273,1121],{"class":1120},[978,1275,1124],{"class":988},[978,1277,1127],{"class":1120},[978,1279,1130],{"class":988},[978,1281,1133],{"class":1120},[978,1283,1136],{"class":988},[978,1285,1286],{"class":980,"line":1139},[978,1287,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,1289,1290,1292,1294,1296],{"class":980,"line":1146},[978,1291,1149],{"class":1116},[978,1293,1153],{"class":1152},[978,1295,1156],{"class":988},[978,1297,1013],{"class":988},[978,1299,1300,1303,1305,1308,1311,1314,1316,1318,1320,1322,1324,1326,1328],{"class":980,"line":1161},[978,1301,1302],{"class":1116},"    int",[978,1304,1223],{"class":992},[978,1306,1307],{"class":988},"[",[978,1309,1310],{"class":1175},"10",[978,1312,1313],{"class":988},"]{",[978,1315,1176],{"class":1175},[978,1317,1179],{"class":988},[978,1319,1182],{"class":1175},[978,1321,1179],{"class":988},[978,1323,1187],{"class":1175},[978,1325,1179],{"class":988},[978,1327,1192],{"class":1175},[978,1329,1195],{"class":988},[978,1331,1332],{"class":980,"line":1198},[978,1333,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,1335,1336],{"class":980,"line":1236},[978,1337,1338],{"class":1027},"    \u002F\u002F 只对 a[0] ~ a[3] 排序\n",[978,1340,1342,1344,1346,1348,1351,1353,1355,1358,1361,1364,1366,1368,1370],{"class":980,"line":1341},9,[978,1343,1201],{"class":1120},[978,1345,1130],{"class":988},[978,1347,1206],{"class":1152},[978,1349,1350],{"class":988},"(&",[978,1352,1212],{"class":992},[978,1354,1307],{"class":988},[978,1356,1357],{"class":1175},"0",[978,1359,1360],{"class":988},"],",[978,1362,1363],{"class":988}," &",[978,1365,1212],{"class":992},[978,1367,1307],{"class":988},[978,1369,1176],{"class":1175},[978,1371,1372],{"class":988},"]);\n",[978,1374,1376],{"class":980,"line":1375},10,[978,1377,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,1379,1381,1384,1387,1390,1392,1395,1397,1399],{"class":980,"line":1380},11,[978,1382,1383],{"class":984},"    for",[978,1385,1386],{"class":988}," (",[978,1388,1389],{"class":1116},"auto",[978,1391,993],{"class":992},[978,1393,1394],{"class":988},":",[978,1396,1223],{"class":992},[978,1398,1010],{"class":988},[978,1400,1013],{"class":988},[978,1402,1404,1407,1409,1412,1415,1417,1419,1422,1424],{"class":980,"line":1403},12,[978,1405,1406],{"class":1120},"        std",[978,1408,1130],{"class":988},[978,1410,1411],{"class":1022},"cout ",[978,1413,1414],{"class":988},"\u003C\u003C",[978,1416,993],{"class":1022},[978,1418,1414],{"class":988},[978,1420,1421],{"class":988}," '",[978,1423,1421],{"class":988},[978,1425,1136],{"class":988},[978,1427,1429],{"class":980,"line":1428},13,[978,1430,1431],{"class":988},"    }\n",[978,1433,1435],{"class":980,"line":1434},14,[978,1436,1034],{"class":988},[918,1438,1439,1440,1442,1443,1446,1447,1450,1451,947],{},"在上一节中我只能将 ",[940,1441,1212],{}," 整体作为范围概念传入，此时排序的是全体 10 个元素。如果想要对前 4 个元素排序，则必须传入对应的首尾迭代器：首迭代器指向 ",[940,1444,1445],{},"a[0]","，尾迭代器指向第四个元素 ",[940,1448,1449],{},"a[3]"," 的下一元素，也就是 ",[940,1452,1453],{},"&a[4]",[1455,1456,1458,1461,1462],"h2",{"id":1457},"rbegin-与-rend",[940,1459,1460],{},"rbegin"," 与 ",[940,1463,1464],{},"rend",[918,1466,1467,1468,1056,1470,1472,1473,943,1475,1477,1478,1056,1480,1482],{},"对于可双向迭代的 STL 容器，除了提供 ",[940,1469,942],{},[940,1471,946],{}," 这一对迭代器以外，还提供 ",[940,1474,1460],{},[940,1476,1464],{},"。简单来说，",[940,1479,1460],{},[940,1481,1464],{}," 所指代的范围也是容器内的全体元素，但遍历的方向是从尾到头。",[918,1484,1485],{},[932,1486],{"alt":934,"src":1487},"\u002Fassets\u002Frange-rbegin-rend.svg",[918,1489,1490,1491,943,1493,1495,1496,1498,1499,1501],{},"这张图的粗实线示意了 ",[940,1492,1460],{},[940,1494,1464],{}," 的指向。其中 ",[940,1497,1460],{}," 指向容器的最后一个元素，",[940,1500,1464],{}," 指向首元素的前一元素空位。",[918,1503,1504,943,1506,1508,1509,943,1511,1513,1514,1517],{},[940,1505,1460],{},[940,1507,1464],{}," 可以简化一些用法。比如从大到小排序时，如果传入 ",[940,1510,1460],{},[940,1512,1464],{},"，那使用默认的“第二实参” ",[940,1515,1516],{},"std::less{}"," 就可以了：",[970,1519,1521],{"className":972,"code":1520,"language":974,"meta":934,"style":934},"#include \u003Cvector>\n#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Calgorithm>\nnamespace rg = std::ranges;\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector a{4, 1, 6, 2};\n    rg::sort(a.rbegin(), a.rend());\n    for (auto i : a) {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C i \u003C\u003C ' ';\n    }\n}\n",[940,1522,1523,1533,1543,1553,1569,1573,1583,1609,1636,1654,1674,1678],{"__ignoreMap":934},[978,1524,1525,1527,1529,1531],{"class":980,"line":981},[978,1526,1090],{"class":984},[978,1528,1093],{"class":988},[978,1530,1097],{"class":1096},[978,1532,1100],{"class":988},[978,1534,1535,1537,1539,1541],{"class":980,"line":1016},[978,1536,1090],{"class":984},[978,1538,1093],{"class":988},[978,1540,1255],{"class":1096},[978,1542,1100],{"class":988},[978,1544,1545,1547,1549,1551],{"class":980,"line":1031},[978,1546,1090],{"class":984},[978,1548,1093],{"class":988},[978,1550,1109],{"class":1096},[978,1552,1100],{"class":988},[978,1554,1555,1557,1559,1561,1563,1565,1567],{"class":980,"line":1139},[978,1556,1117],{"class":1116},[978,1558,1121],{"class":1120},[978,1560,1124],{"class":988},[978,1562,1127],{"class":1120},[978,1564,1130],{"class":988},[978,1566,1133],{"class":1120},[978,1568,1136],{"class":988},[978,1570,1571],{"class":980,"line":1146},[978,1572,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,1574,1575,1577,1579,1581],{"class":980,"line":1161},[978,1576,1149],{"class":1116},[978,1578,1153],{"class":1152},[978,1580,1156],{"class":988},[978,1582,1013],{"class":988},[978,1584,1585,1587,1589,1591,1593,1595,1597,1599,1601,1603,1605,1607],{"class":980,"line":1198},[978,1586,1164],{"class":1120},[978,1588,1130],{"class":988},[978,1590,1169],{"class":992},[978,1592,1172],{"class":988},[978,1594,1176],{"class":1175},[978,1596,1179],{"class":988},[978,1598,1182],{"class":1175},[978,1600,1179],{"class":988},[978,1602,1187],{"class":1175},[978,1604,1179],{"class":988},[978,1606,1192],{"class":1175},[978,1608,1195],{"class":988},[978,1610,1611,1613,1615,1617,1619,1621,1623,1625,1627,1629,1631,1633],{"class":980,"line":1236},[978,1612,1201],{"class":1120},[978,1614,1130],{"class":988},[978,1616,1206],{"class":1152},[978,1618,1209],{"class":988},[978,1620,1212],{"class":992},[978,1622,1215],{"class":988},[978,1624,1460],{"class":1152},[978,1626,1220],{"class":988},[978,1628,1223],{"class":992},[978,1630,1215],{"class":988},[978,1632,1464],{"class":1152},[978,1634,1635],{"class":988},"());\n",[978,1637,1638,1640,1642,1644,1646,1648,1650,1652],{"class":980,"line":1341},[978,1639,1383],{"class":984},[978,1641,1386],{"class":988},[978,1643,1389],{"class":1116},[978,1645,993],{"class":992},[978,1647,1394],{"class":988},[978,1649,1223],{"class":992},[978,1651,1010],{"class":988},[978,1653,1013],{"class":988},[978,1655,1656,1658,1660,1662,1664,1666,1668,1670,1672],{"class":980,"line":1375},[978,1657,1406],{"class":1120},[978,1659,1130],{"class":988},[978,1661,1411],{"class":1022},[978,1663,1414],{"class":988},[978,1665,993],{"class":1022},[978,1667,1414],{"class":988},[978,1669,1421],{"class":988},[978,1671,1421],{"class":988},[978,1673,1136],{"class":988},[978,1675,1676],{"class":980,"line":1380},[978,1677,1431],{"class":988},[978,1679,1680],{"class":980,"line":1403},[978,1681,1034],{"class":988},[1455,1683,1684],{"id":1684},"初识视图",[918,1686,1687],{},"在这一节结尾，我略微介绍一下视图（View）。视图是一种特殊的范围，我这里先举几个例子；具体的概念会在之后的章节展开。",[918,1689,1690,1691,947,1694,1697,1698,1700,1701,1703,1704,1056,1706,1708],{},"这里首先介绍的是 ",[940,1692,1693],{},"rg::reverse_view",[940,1695,1696],{},"reverse_view"," 可以将一个范围“反转”，即让 ",[940,1699,942],{}," 指向末尾元素，",[940,1702,946],{}," 指向首元素的上一空位，如同 ",[940,1705,1460],{},[940,1707,1464],{}," 那样。",[970,1710,1712],{"className":972,"code":1711,"language":974,"meta":934,"style":934},"#include \u003Cvector>\n#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Calgorithm>\n#include \u003Cranges> \u002F\u002F 视图定义于此\nnamespace rg = std::ranges;\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector a{4, 1, 6, 2};\n    rg::sort(rg::reverse_view{a});\n    for (auto i : a) {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C i \u003C\u003C ' ';\n    }\n}\n",[940,1713,1714,1724,1734,1744,1758,1774,1778,1788,1814,1835,1853,1873,1877],{"__ignoreMap":934},[978,1715,1716,1718,1720,1722],{"class":980,"line":981},[978,1717,1090],{"class":984},[978,1719,1093],{"class":988},[978,1721,1097],{"class":1096},[978,1723,1100],{"class":988},[978,1725,1726,1728,1730,1732],{"class":980,"line":1016},[978,1727,1090],{"class":984},[978,1729,1093],{"class":988},[978,1731,1255],{"class":1096},[978,1733,1100],{"class":988},[978,1735,1736,1738,1740,1742],{"class":980,"line":1031},[978,1737,1090],{"class":984},[978,1739,1093],{"class":988},[978,1741,1109],{"class":1096},[978,1743,1100],{"class":988},[978,1745,1746,1748,1750,1752,1755],{"class":980,"line":1139},[978,1747,1090],{"class":984},[978,1749,1093],{"class":988},[978,1751,1133],{"class":1096},[978,1753,1754],{"class":988},">",[978,1756,1757],{"class":1027}," \u002F\u002F 视图定义于此\n",[978,1759,1760,1762,1764,1766,1768,1770,1772],{"class":980,"line":1146},[978,1761,1117],{"class":1116},[978,1763,1121],{"class":1120},[978,1765,1124],{"class":988},[978,1767,1127],{"class":1120},[978,1769,1130],{"class":988},[978,1771,1133],{"class":1120},[978,1773,1136],{"class":988},[978,1775,1776],{"class":980,"line":1161},[978,1777,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,1779,1780,1782,1784,1786],{"class":980,"line":1198},[978,1781,1149],{"class":1116},[978,1783,1153],{"class":1152},[978,1785,1156],{"class":988},[978,1787,1013],{"class":988},[978,1789,1790,1792,1794,1796,1798,1800,1802,1804,1806,1808,1810,1812],{"class":980,"line":1236},[978,1791,1164],{"class":1120},[978,1793,1130],{"class":988},[978,1795,1169],{"class":992},[978,1797,1172],{"class":988},[978,1799,1176],{"class":1175},[978,1801,1179],{"class":988},[978,1803,1182],{"class":1175},[978,1805,1179],{"class":988},[978,1807,1187],{"class":1175},[978,1809,1179],{"class":988},[978,1811,1192],{"class":1175},[978,1813,1195],{"class":988},[978,1815,1816,1818,1820,1822,1824,1827,1829,1832],{"class":980,"line":1341},[978,1817,1201],{"class":1120},[978,1819,1130],{"class":988},[978,1821,1206],{"class":1152},[978,1823,1209],{"class":988},[978,1825,1826],{"class":1120},"rg",[978,1828,1130],{"class":988},[978,1830,1831],{"class":992},"reverse_view{a}",[978,1833,1834],{"class":988},");\n",[978,1836,1837,1839,1841,1843,1845,1847,1849,1851],{"class":980,"line":1375},[978,1838,1383],{"class":984},[978,1840,1386],{"class":988},[978,1842,1389],{"class":1116},[978,1844,993],{"class":992},[978,1846,1394],{"class":988},[978,1848,1223],{"class":992},[978,1850,1010],{"class":988},[978,1852,1013],{"class":988},[978,1854,1855,1857,1859,1861,1863,1865,1867,1869,1871],{"class":980,"line":1380},[978,1856,1406],{"class":1120},[978,1858,1130],{"class":988},[978,1860,1411],{"class":1022},[978,1862,1414],{"class":988},[978,1864,993],{"class":1022},[978,1866,1414],{"class":988},[978,1868,1421],{"class":988},[978,1870,1421],{"class":988},[978,1872,1136],{"class":988},[978,1874,1875],{"class":980,"line":1403},[978,1876,1431],{"class":988},[978,1878,1879],{"class":980,"line":1428},[978,1880,1034],{"class":988},[918,1882,1883,1884,1887,1888,1890],{},"像这样，",[940,1885,1886],{},"rg::reverse_view{a}"," 就将 ",[940,1889,1212],{}," 这个范围概念反转；它的效果和刚才是一致的。",[1892,1893,1894],"blockquote",{},[918,1895,1896,1897,1900,1901,1903],{},"此处使用大括号初始化以避免烦人的分析，尽管目前还不会有。大括号初始化器和小括号初始化器大多情形下可以任意使用（带有 ",[940,1898,1899],{},"std::initializer_list"," 构造重载的除外，如 ",[940,1902,1052],{},"）。",[918,1905,1906,1907,1910,1911,1914,1915,1918,1919,1921,1922,1924],{},"有趣的是，标准库定义了一系列重载了 ",[940,1908,1909],{},"operator|"," 的对象；它们定义于 ",[940,1912,1913],{},"std::views"," 内并且可以生成这样的视图，比如 ",[940,1916,1917],{},"std::views::reverse"," 就可以生成 ",[940,1920,1693],{},"。标准上称这些对象为范围适配器对象。不管怎样，这些对象在 ",[940,1923,1909],{}," 的加成下可以这样用：",[970,1926,1928],{"className":972,"code":1927,"language":974,"meta":934,"style":934},"#include \u003Cvector>\n#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Calgorithm>\n#include \u003Cranges> \u002F\u002F 视图定义于此\nnamespace rg = std::ranges;\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector a{4, 1, 6, 2};\n    rg::sort(a | std::views::reverse);\n    for (auto i : a) {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C i \u003C\u003C ' ';\n    }\n}\n",[940,1929,1930,1940,1950,1960,1972,1988,1992,2002,2028,2058,2076,2096,2100],{"__ignoreMap":934},[978,1931,1932,1934,1936,1938],{"class":980,"line":981},[978,1933,1090],{"class":984},[978,1935,1093],{"class":988},[978,1937,1097],{"class":1096},[978,1939,1100],{"class":988},[978,1941,1942,1944,1946,1948],{"class":980,"line":1016},[978,1943,1090],{"class":984},[978,1945,1093],{"class":988},[978,1947,1255],{"class":1096},[978,1949,1100],{"class":988},[978,1951,1952,1954,1956,1958],{"class":980,"line":1031},[978,1953,1090],{"class":984},[978,1955,1093],{"class":988},[978,1957,1109],{"class":1096},[978,1959,1100],{"class":988},[978,1961,1962,1964,1966,1968,1970],{"class":980,"line":1139},[978,1963,1090],{"class":984},[978,1965,1093],{"class":988},[978,1967,1133],{"class":1096},[978,1969,1754],{"class":988},[978,1971,1757],{"class":1027},[978,1973,1974,1976,1978,1980,1982,1984,1986],{"class":980,"line":1146},[978,1975,1117],{"class":1116},[978,1977,1121],{"class":1120},[978,1979,1124],{"class":988},[978,1981,1127],{"class":1120},[978,1983,1130],{"class":988},[978,1985,1133],{"class":1120},[978,1987,1136],{"class":988},[978,1989,1990],{"class":980,"line":1161},[978,1991,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,1993,1994,1996,1998,2000],{"class":980,"line":1198},[978,1995,1149],{"class":1116},[978,1997,1153],{"class":1152},[978,1999,1156],{"class":988},[978,2001,1013],{"class":988},[978,2003,2004,2006,2008,2010,2012,2014,2016,2018,2020,2022,2024,2026],{"class":980,"line":1236},[978,2005,1164],{"class":1120},[978,2007,1130],{"class":988},[978,2009,1169],{"class":992},[978,2011,1172],{"class":988},[978,2013,1176],{"class":1175},[978,2015,1179],{"class":988},[978,2017,1182],{"class":1175},[978,2019,1179],{"class":988},[978,2021,1187],{"class":1175},[978,2023,1179],{"class":988},[978,2025,1192],{"class":1175},[978,2027,1195],{"class":988},[978,2029,2030,2032,2034,2036,2038,2041,2044,2046,2048,2051,2053,2056],{"class":980,"line":1341},[978,2031,1201],{"class":1120},[978,2033,1130],{"class":988},[978,2035,1206],{"class":1152},[978,2037,1209],{"class":988},[978,2039,2040],{"class":992},"a ",[978,2042,2043],{"class":988},"|",[978,2045,1127],{"class":1120},[978,2047,1130],{"class":988},[978,2049,2050],{"class":1120},"views",[978,2052,1130],{"class":988},[978,2054,2055],{"class":992},"reverse",[978,2057,1834],{"class":988},[978,2059,2060,2062,2064,2066,2068,2070,2072,2074],{"class":980,"line":1375},[978,2061,1383],{"class":984},[978,2063,1386],{"class":988},[978,2065,1389],{"class":1116},[978,2067,993],{"class":992},[978,2069,1394],{"class":988},[978,2071,1223],{"class":992},[978,2073,1010],{"class":988},[978,2075,1013],{"class":988},[978,2077,2078,2080,2082,2084,2086,2088,2090,2092,2094],{"class":980,"line":1380},[978,2079,1406],{"class":1120},[978,2081,1130],{"class":988},[978,2083,1411],{"class":1022},[978,2085,1414],{"class":988},[978,2087,993],{"class":1022},[978,2089,1414],{"class":988},[978,2091,1421],{"class":988},[978,2093,1421],{"class":988},[978,2095,1136],{"class":988},[978,2097,2098],{"class":980,"line":1403},[978,2099,1431],{"class":988},[978,2101,2102],{"class":980,"line":1428},[978,2103,1034],{"class":988},[918,2105,2106,2107,2110,2111,2114],{},"事实上，有了范围适配器之后，很少会在算法中用到裸的迭代器了。刚刚说的数组部分排序问题，也可以通过 ",[940,2108,2109],{},"rg::take_view"," 来做。这个适配器只会保留范围中的前 ",[940,2112,2113],{},"n"," 个元素，其余元素抛弃。它是这样使用的：",[970,2116,2118],{"className":972,"code":2117,"language":974,"meta":934,"style":934},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Calgorithm>\n#include \u003Cranges>\nnamespace rg = std::ranges;\n\nint main() {\n    int a[10]{4, 1, 6, 2};\n\n    \u002F\u002F 只对 a[0] ~ a[3] 排序\n    rg::sort(rg::take_view{a, 4});\n    \u002F\u002F 或者...\n    rg::sort(a | std::views::take(4));\n\n    for (auto i : a) {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C i \u003C\u003C ' ';\n    }\n}\n",[940,2119,2120,2130,2140,2150,2166,2170,2180,2208,2212,2216,2243,2248,2280,2284,2302,2323,2328],{"__ignoreMap":934},[978,2121,2122,2124,2126,2128],{"class":980,"line":981},[978,2123,1090],{"class":984},[978,2125,1093],{"class":988},[978,2127,1255],{"class":1096},[978,2129,1100],{"class":988},[978,2131,2132,2134,2136,2138],{"class":980,"line":1016},[978,2133,1090],{"class":984},[978,2135,1093],{"class":988},[978,2137,1109],{"class":1096},[978,2139,1100],{"class":988},[978,2141,2142,2144,2146,2148],{"class":980,"line":1031},[978,2143,1090],{"class":984},[978,2145,1093],{"class":988},[978,2147,1133],{"class":1096},[978,2149,1100],{"class":988},[978,2151,2152,2154,2156,2158,2160,2162,2164],{"class":980,"line":1139},[978,2153,1117],{"class":1116},[978,2155,1121],{"class":1120},[978,2157,1124],{"class":988},[978,2159,1127],{"class":1120},[978,2161,1130],{"class":988},[978,2163,1133],{"class":1120},[978,2165,1136],{"class":988},[978,2167,2168],{"class":980,"line":1146},[978,2169,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,2171,2172,2174,2176,2178],{"class":980,"line":1161},[978,2173,1149],{"class":1116},[978,2175,1153],{"class":1152},[978,2177,1156],{"class":988},[978,2179,1013],{"class":988},[978,2181,2182,2184,2186,2188,2190,2192,2194,2196,2198,2200,2202,2204,2206],{"class":980,"line":1198},[978,2183,1302],{"class":1116},[978,2185,1223],{"class":992},[978,2187,1307],{"class":988},[978,2189,1310],{"class":1175},[978,2191,1313],{"class":988},[978,2193,1176],{"class":1175},[978,2195,1179],{"class":988},[978,2197,1182],{"class":1175},[978,2199,1179],{"class":988},[978,2201,1187],{"class":1175},[978,2203,1179],{"class":988},[978,2205,1192],{"class":1175},[978,2207,1195],{"class":988},[978,2209,2210],{"class":980,"line":1236},[978,2211,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,2213,2214],{"class":980,"line":1341},[978,2215,1338],{"class":1027},[978,2217,2218,2220,2222,2224,2226,2228,2230,2233,2235,2238,2241],{"class":980,"line":1375},[978,2219,1201],{"class":1120},[978,2221,1130],{"class":988},[978,2223,1206],{"class":1152},[978,2225,1209],{"class":988},[978,2227,1826],{"class":1120},[978,2229,1130],{"class":988},[978,2231,2232],{"class":992},"take_view{a",[978,2234,1179],{"class":988},[978,2236,2237],{"class":1175}," 4",[978,2239,2240],{"class":992},"}",[978,2242,1834],{"class":988},[978,2244,2245],{"class":980,"line":1380},[978,2246,2247],{"class":1027},"    \u002F\u002F 或者...\n",[978,2249,2250,2252,2254,2256,2258,2260,2262,2264,2266,2268,2270,2273,2275,2277],{"class":980,"line":1403},[978,2251,1201],{"class":1120},[978,2253,1130],{"class":988},[978,2255,1206],{"class":1152},[978,2257,1209],{"class":988},[978,2259,2040],{"class":992},[978,2261,2043],{"class":988},[978,2263,1127],{"class":1120},[978,2265,1130],{"class":988},[978,2267,2050],{"class":1120},[978,2269,1130],{"class":988},[978,2271,2272],{"class":1152},"take",[978,2274,1209],{"class":988},[978,2276,1176],{"class":1175},[978,2278,2279],{"class":988},"));\n",[978,2281,2282],{"class":980,"line":1428},[978,2283,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,2285,2286,2288,2290,2292,2294,2296,2298,2300],{"class":980,"line":1434},[978,2287,1383],{"class":984},[978,2289,1386],{"class":988},[978,2291,1389],{"class":1116},[978,2293,993],{"class":992},[978,2295,1394],{"class":988},[978,2297,1223],{"class":992},[978,2299,1010],{"class":988},[978,2301,1013],{"class":988},[978,2303,2305,2307,2309,2311,2313,2315,2317,2319,2321],{"class":980,"line":2304},15,[978,2306,1406],{"class":1120},[978,2308,1130],{"class":988},[978,2310,1411],{"class":1022},[978,2312,1414],{"class":988},[978,2314,993],{"class":1022},[978,2316,1414],{"class":988},[978,2318,1421],{"class":988},[978,2320,1421],{"class":988},[978,2322,1136],{"class":988},[978,2324,2326],{"class":980,"line":2325},16,[978,2327,1431],{"class":988},[978,2329,2331],{"class":980,"line":2330},17,[978,2332,1034],{"class":988},[918,2334,2335,2336,2338],{},"注意范围适配器对象的版本，",[940,2337,1909],{}," 的语法允许你将范围适配器串联起来用：",[970,2340,2342],{"className":972,"code":2341,"language":974,"meta":934,"style":934},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Calgorithm>\n#include \u003Cranges>\nnamespace rg = std::ranges;\n\nint main() {\n    int a[10]{4, 1, 6, 2};\n\n    \u002F\u002F 对 a[0] ~ a[3] 倒序排序\n    rg::sort(a | std::views::take(4) | std::views::reverse);\n\n    for (auto i : a) {\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C i \u003C\u003C ' ';\n    }\n}\n",[940,2343,2344,2354,2364,2374,2390,2394,2404,2432,2436,2441,2486,2490,2508,2528,2532],{"__ignoreMap":934},[978,2345,2346,2348,2350,2352],{"class":980,"line":981},[978,2347,1090],{"class":984},[978,2349,1093],{"class":988},[978,2351,1255],{"class":1096},[978,2353,1100],{"class":988},[978,2355,2356,2358,2360,2362],{"class":980,"line":1016},[978,2357,1090],{"class":984},[978,2359,1093],{"class":988},[978,2361,1109],{"class":1096},[978,2363,1100],{"class":988},[978,2365,2366,2368,2370,2372],{"class":980,"line":1031},[978,2367,1090],{"class":984},[978,2369,1093],{"class":988},[978,2371,1133],{"class":1096},[978,2373,1100],{"class":988},[978,2375,2376,2378,2380,2382,2384,2386,2388],{"class":980,"line":1139},[978,2377,1117],{"class":1116},[978,2379,1121],{"class":1120},[978,2381,1124],{"class":988},[978,2383,1127],{"class":1120},[978,2385,1130],{"class":988},[978,2387,1133],{"class":1120},[978,2389,1136],{"class":988},[978,2391,2392],{"class":980,"line":1146},[978,2393,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,2395,2396,2398,2400,2402],{"class":980,"line":1161},[978,2397,1149],{"class":1116},[978,2399,1153],{"class":1152},[978,2401,1156],{"class":988},[978,2403,1013],{"class":988},[978,2405,2406,2408,2410,2412,2414,2416,2418,2420,2422,2424,2426,2428,2430],{"class":980,"line":1198},[978,2407,1302],{"class":1116},[978,2409,1223],{"class":992},[978,2411,1307],{"class":988},[978,2413,1310],{"class":1175},[978,2415,1313],{"class":988},[978,2417,1176],{"class":1175},[978,2419,1179],{"class":988},[978,2421,1182],{"class":1175},[978,2423,1179],{"class":988},[978,2425,1187],{"class":1175},[978,2427,1179],{"class":988},[978,2429,1192],{"class":1175},[978,2431,1195],{"class":988},[978,2433,2434],{"class":980,"line":1236},[978,2435,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,2437,2438],{"class":980,"line":1341},[978,2439,2440],{"class":1027},"    \u002F\u002F 对 a[0] ~ a[3] 倒序排序\n",[978,2442,2443,2445,2447,2449,2451,2453,2455,2457,2459,2461,2463,2465,2467,2469,2471,2474,2476,2478,2480,2482,2484],{"class":980,"line":1375},[978,2444,1201],{"class":1120},[978,2446,1130],{"class":988},[978,2448,1206],{"class":1152},[978,2450,1209],{"class":988},[978,2452,2040],{"class":992},[978,2454,2043],{"class":988},[978,2456,1127],{"class":1120},[978,2458,1130],{"class":988},[978,2460,2050],{"class":1120},[978,2462,1130],{"class":988},[978,2464,2272],{"class":1152},[978,2466,1209],{"class":988},[978,2468,1176],{"class":1175},[978,2470,1010],{"class":988},[978,2472,2473],{"class":988}," |",[978,2475,1127],{"class":1120},[978,2477,1130],{"class":988},[978,2479,2050],{"class":1120},[978,2481,1130],{"class":988},[978,2483,2055],{"class":992},[978,2485,1834],{"class":988},[978,2487,2488],{"class":980,"line":1380},[978,2489,1143],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1142},[978,2491,2492,2494,2496,2498,2500,2502,2504,2506],{"class":980,"line":1403},[978,2493,1383],{"class":984},[978,2495,1386],{"class":988},[978,2497,1389],{"class":1116},[978,2499,993],{"class":992},[978,2501,1394],{"class":988},[978,2503,1223],{"class":992},[978,2505,1010],{"class":988},[978,2507,1013],{"class":988},[978,2509,2510,2512,2514,2516,2518,2520,2522,2524,2526],{"class":980,"line":1428},[978,2511,1406],{"class":1120},[978,2513,1130],{"class":988},[978,2515,1411],{"class":1022},[978,2517,1414],{"class":988},[978,2519,993],{"class":1022},[978,2521,1414],{"class":988},[978,2523,1421],{"class":988},[978,2525,1421],{"class":988},[978,2527,1136],{"class":988},[978,2529,2530],{"class":980,"line":1434},[978,2531,1431],{"class":988},[978,2533,2534],{"class":980,"line":2304},[978,2535,1034],{"class":988},[918,2537,2538],{},"虽然这些库设施的定义很复杂，但使用起来非常的优雅；甚至性能上也会更好。这也是 STLv2 相比传统版本的改进之处。",[2540,2541,2542],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .s7zQu, html code.shiki .s7zQu{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}html pre.shiki code .sMK4o, html code.shiki .sMK4o{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF}html pre.shiki code .sTEyZ, html code.shiki .sTEyZ{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#EEFFFF;--shiki-dark:#BABED8}html pre.shiki code .swJcz, html code.shiki .swJcz{--shiki-light:#E53935;--shiki-default:#F07178;--shiki-dark:#F07178}html pre.shiki code .sHwdD, html code.shiki .sHwdD{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#546E7A;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#676E95;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: 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算法大多作用在序列上。","md",null,{},{"icon":827},{"title":849,"description":2548},"Use3jaI6bv5qwm-wrAS5rO0w3S8erzbu32EWEUB5xM8",[2556,2558],{"title":845,"path":846,"stem":847,"description":2557,"icon":827,"children":-1},"现在总结一下我们学习了哪些 STL 算法。",{"title":853,"path":854,"stem":855,"description":853,"icon":827,"children":-1},1784618144739]