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main",[943,1065,991],{"class":957},[943,1067,958],{"class":957},[943,1069,1071,1073,1075,1079],{"class":945,"line":1070},12,[943,1072,964],{"class":949},[943,1074,967],{"class":957},[943,1076,1078],{"class":1077},"sTEyZ"," ptr",[943,1080,1081],{"class":957},"{nullptr};\n",[943,1083,1085],{"class":945,"line":1084},13,[943,1086,1087],{"class":957},"    {\n",[943,1089,1091,1094,1097],{"class":945,"line":1090},14,[943,1092,1093],{"class":970},"        S s",[943,1095,1096],{"class":957},";",[943,1098,1100],{"class":1099},"sHwdD"," \u002F\u002F s 持有资源 s->resource 的所有权\n",[943,1102,1104,1107,1109,1112,1115,1118,1120],{"class":945,"line":1103},15,[943,1105,1106],{"class":970},"        ptr ",[943,1108,1002],{"class":957},[943,1110,1111],{"class":1077}," s",[943,1113,1114],{"class":957},"->",[943,1116,1117],{"class":1077},"resource",[943,1119,1096],{"class":957},[943,1121,1122],{"class":1099}," \u002F\u002F ptr 不持有所有权\n",[943,1124,1126],{"class":945,"line":1125},16,[943,1127,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1129,1131,1134],{"class":945,"line":1130},17,[943,1132,1133],{"class":957},"    }",[943,1135,1136],{"class":1099}," \u002F\u002F 此处 s 消失后资源会释放\n",[943,1138,1140],{"class":945,"line":1139},18,[943,1141,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1143,1145],{"class":945,"line":1144},19,[943,1146,1147],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F ptr 仍然可访问，但资源已释放\n",[943,1149,1151],{"class":945,"line":1150},20,[943,1152,1153],{"class":957},"}\n",[1155,1156,1157],"h2",{"id":1157},"独占所有权",[918,1159,1160,1161,1164,1165,1167],{},"所有权的管理主要分为两种：独占所有权（Unique ownership）和共享所有权（Shared ownership）。独占所有权就是字面意思：对于某个固定的资源，全世界只有一个对象持有所有权。之前的 ",[940,1162,1163],{},"String"," 例子中，",[940,1166,1163],{}," 类型对象就独占其底层字符数组的所有权。",[918,1169,1170],{},"设计独占所有权的类时可能会遇到一些问题。",[933,1172,1174],{"className":935,"code":1173,"language":937,"meta":938,"style":938},"struct UniquePtr {\n    int* ptr;\n    UniquePtr(int* ptr) : ptr{ptr} {}\n\n    \u002F\u002F 持有所有权的表现：对象被销毁的同时销毁资源\n    ~UniquePtr() {\n        delete ptr;\n    }\n};\n\nint main() {\n    UniquePtr pa{new int{}};\n    UniquePtr pb{pa};\n    \u002F\u002F 停！此时 pa 和 pb 持有同一对象的所有权\n}\n",[940,1175,1176,1185,1195,1228,1232,1237,1246,1254,1258,1262,1266,1276,1289,1301,1306],{"__ignoreMap":938},[943,1177,1178,1180,1183],{"class":945,"line":946},[943,1179,950],{"class":949},[943,1181,1182],{"class":953}," UniquePtr",[943,1184,958],{"class":957},[943,1186,1187,1189,1191,1193],{"class":945,"line":961},[943,1188,964],{"class":949},[943,1190,967],{"class":957},[943,1192,1078],{"class":970},[943,1194,974],{"class":957},[943,1196,1197,1200,1203,1206,1209,1212,1215,1217,1219,1222,1225],{"class":945,"line":977},[943,1198,1199],{"class":987},"    UniquePtr",[943,1201,1202],{"class":957},"(",[943,1204,1205],{"class":949},"int*",[943,1207,1078],{"class":1208},"sHdIc",[943,1210,1211],{"class":957},")",[943,1213,1214],{"class":957}," :",[943,1216,1078],{"class":987},[943,1218,1011],{"class":957},[943,1220,1221],{"class":970},"ptr",[943,1223,1224],{"class":957},"}",[943,1226,1227],{"class":957}," {}\n",[943,1229,1230],{"class":945,"line":984},[943,1231,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1233,1234],{"class":945,"line":996},[943,1235,1236],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F 持有所有权的表现：对象被销毁的同时销毁资源\n",[943,1238,1239,1242,1244],{"class":945,"line":1021},[943,1240,1241],{"class":987},"    ~UniquePtr",[943,1243,991],{"class":957},[943,1245,958],{"class":957},[943,1247,1248,1250,1252],{"class":945,"line":1027},[943,1249,1040],{"class":957},[943,1251,1078],{"class":970},[943,1253,974],{"class":957},[943,1255,1256],{"class":945,"line":1037},[943,1257,1024],{"class":957},[943,1259,1260],{"class":945,"line":1047},[943,1261,1018],{"class":957},[943,1263,1264],{"class":945,"line":1052},[943,1265,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1267,1268,1270,1272,1274],{"class":945,"line":1057},[943,1269,1060],{"class":949},[943,1271,1063],{"class":987},[943,1273,991],{"class":957},[943,1275,958],{"class":957},[943,1277,1278,1281,1284,1286],{"class":945,"line":1070},[943,1279,1280],{"class":1077},"    UniquePtr pa",[943,1282,1283],{"class":957},"{new",[943,1285,1008],{"class":949},[943,1287,1288],{"class":957},"{}};\n",[943,1290,1291,1294,1296,1299],{"class":945,"line":1084},[943,1292,1293],{"class":1077},"    UniquePtr pb",[943,1295,1011],{"class":957},[943,1297,1298],{"class":970},"pa",[943,1300,1018],{"class":957},[943,1302,1303],{"class":945,"line":1090},[943,1304,1305],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F 停！此时 pa 和 pb 持有同一对象的所有权\n",[943,1307,1308],{"class":945,"line":1103},[943,1309,1153],{"class":957},[918,1311,1312],{},"刚才这样简单的设计会导致复制指针时，两个指针同时持有所有权。当两个指针先后析构时，后析构的那个会重复释放已释放的资源，从而导致运行时错误。这非常不好。",[918,1314,1315,1316,1319],{},"因此设计独占所有权的指针时，需要",[925,1317,1318],{},"禁用复制","。此外，还可以启用移动语义：允许更改资源的持有者，或者说转移所有权。",[933,1321,1323],{"className":935,"code":1322,"language":937,"meta":938,"style":938},"#include \u003Cutility>\n\nstruct UniquePtr {\n    int* ptr;\n    UniquePtr() : ptr{nullptr} {}\n    UniquePtr(int* ptr) : ptr{ptr} {}\n\n    \u002F\u002F 禁用复制\n    UniquePtr(const UniquePtr&) = delete;\n    UniquePtr& operator=(const UniquePtr&) = delete;\n\n    \u002F\u002F 但允许移动\n    UniquePtr(UniquePtr&& other) : ptr{nullptr} {\n        std::swap(ptr, other.ptr);\n    }\n    UniquePtr& operator=(UniquePtr&& rhs) {\n        std::swap(ptr, rhs.ptr);\n        return *this;\n    }\n\n    ~UniquePtr() {\n        \u002F\u002F 若持有资源，则析构时销毁\n        if (ptr) delete ptr;\n    }\n};\n\nint main() {\n    UniquePtr pa{new int{}};\n    \u002F\u002F 编译错误：不允许复制构造\n    \u002F\u002F UniquePtr pb{pa};\n\n    \u002F\u002F OK，将 pa 所持有的资源移交给 pb\n    UniquePtr pb{std::move(pa)};\n\n    \u002F\u002F 现在 pa 不持有资源\n    \u002F\u002F pb 析构时，将资源释放\n}\n",[940,1324,1325,1341,1345,1353,1363,1378,1402,1406,1411,1435,1462,1466,1471,1496,1524,1528,1551,1573,1581,1585,1589,1598,1604,1623,1628,1633,1638,1649,1660,1666,1672,1677,1683,1705,1710,1716,1722],{"__ignoreMap":938},[943,1326,1327,1331,1334,1338],{"class":945,"line":946},[943,1328,1330],{"class":1329},"s7zQu","#include",[943,1332,1333],{"class":957}," \u003C",[943,1335,1337],{"class":1336},"sfazB","utility",[943,1339,1340],{"class":957},">\n",[943,1342,1343],{"class":945,"line":961},[943,1344,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1346,1347,1349,1351],{"class":945,"line":977},[943,1348,950],{"class":949},[943,1350,1182],{"class":953},[943,1352,958],{"class":957},[943,1354,1355,1357,1359,1361],{"class":945,"line":984},[943,1356,964],{"class":949},[943,1358,967],{"class":957},[943,1360,1078],{"class":970},[943,1362,974],{"class":957},[943,1364,1365,1367,1369,1371,1373,1376],{"class":945,"line":996},[943,1366,1199],{"class":987},[943,1368,991],{"class":957},[943,1370,1214],{"class":957},[943,1372,1078],{"class":987},[943,1374,1375],{"class":957},"{nullptr}",[943,1377,1227],{"class":957},[943,1379,1380,1382,1384,1386,1388,1390,1392,1394,1396,1398,1400],{"class":945,"line":1021},[943,1381,1199],{"class":987},[943,1383,1202],{"class":957},[943,1385,1205],{"class":949},[943,1387,1078],{"class":1208},[943,1389,1211],{"class":957},[943,1391,1214],{"class":957},[943,1393,1078],{"class":987},[943,1395,1011],{"class":957},[943,1397,1221],{"class":970},[943,1399,1224],{"class":957},[943,1401,1227],{"class":957},[943,1403,1404],{"class":945,"line":1027},[943,1405,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1407,1408],{"class":945,"line":1037},[943,1409,1410],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F 禁用复制\n",[943,1412,1413,1415,1417,1420,1422,1425,1427,1430,1433],{"class":945,"line":1047},[943,1414,1199],{"class":987},[943,1416,1202],{"class":957},[943,1418,1419],{"class":949},"const",[943,1421,1182],{"class":953},[943,1423,1424],{"class":949},"&",[943,1426,1211],{"class":957},[943,1428,1429],{"class":957}," =",[943,1431,1432],{"class":1014}," delete",[943,1434,974],{"class":957},[943,1436,1437,1439,1441,1444,1446,1448,1450,1452,1454,1456,1458,1460],{"class":945,"line":1052},[943,1438,1199],{"class":953},[943,1440,1424],{"class":949},[943,1442,1443],{"class":1014}," operator",[943,1445,1002],{"class":953},[943,1447,1202],{"class":957},[943,1449,1419],{"class":949},[943,1451,1182],{"class":953},[943,1453,1424],{"class":949},[943,1455,1211],{"class":957},[943,1457,1429],{"class":957},[943,1459,1432],{"class":1014},[943,1461,974],{"class":957},[943,1463,1464],{"class":945,"line":1057},[943,1465,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1467,1468],{"class":945,"line":1070},[943,1469,1470],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F 但允许移动\n",[943,1472,1473,1475,1477,1480,1483,1486,1488,1490,1492,1494],{"class":945,"line":1084},[943,1474,1199],{"class":987},[943,1476,1202],{"class":957},[943,1478,1479],{"class":953},"UniquePtr",[943,1481,1482],{"class":949},"&&",[943,1484,1485],{"class":1208}," other",[943,1487,1211],{"class":957},[943,1489,1214],{"class":957},[943,1491,1078],{"class":987},[943,1493,1375],{"class":957},[943,1495,958],{"class":957},[943,1497,1498,1501,1504,1507,1509,1511,1514,1516,1519,1521],{"class":945,"line":1090},[943,1499,1500],{"class":953},"        std",[943,1502,1503],{"class":957},"::",[943,1505,1506],{"class":987},"swap",[943,1508,1202],{"class":957},[943,1510,1221],{"class":970},[943,1512,1513],{"class":957},",",[943,1515,1485],{"class":1077},[943,1517,1518],{"class":957},".",[943,1520,1221],{"class":1077},[943,1522,1523],{"class":957},");\n",[943,1525,1526],{"class":945,"line":1103},[943,1527,1024],{"class":957},[943,1529,1530,1532,1534,1536,1538,1540,1542,1544,1547,1549],{"class":945,"line":1125},[943,1531,1199],{"class":953},[943,1533,1424],{"class":949},[943,1535,1443],{"class":1014},[943,1537,1002],{"class":953},[943,1539,1202],{"class":957},[943,1541,1479],{"class":953},[943,1543,1482],{"class":949},[943,1545,1546],{"class":1208}," rhs",[943,1548,1211],{"class":957},[943,1550,958],{"class":957},[943,1552,1553,1555,1557,1559,1561,1563,1565,1567,1569,1571],{"class":945,"line":1130},[943,1554,1500],{"class":953},[943,1556,1503],{"class":957},[943,1558,1506],{"class":987},[943,1560,1202],{"class":957},[943,1562,1221],{"class":970},[943,1564,1513],{"class":957},[943,1566,1546],{"class":1077},[943,1568,1518],{"class":957},[943,1570,1221],{"class":1077},[943,1572,1523],{"class":957},[943,1574,1575,1578],{"class":945,"line":1139},[943,1576,1577],{"class":1329},"        return",[943,1579,1580],{"class":957}," *this;\n",[943,1582,1583],{"class":945,"line":1144},[943,1584,1024],{"class":957},[943,1586,1587],{"class":945,"line":1150},[943,1588,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1590,1592,1594,1596],{"class":945,"line":1591},21,[943,1593,1241],{"class":987},[943,1595,991],{"class":957},[943,1597,958],{"class":957},[943,1599,1601],{"class":945,"line":1600},22,[943,1602,1603],{"class":1099},"        \u002F\u002F 若持有资源，则析构时销毁\n",[943,1605,1607,1610,1613,1615,1617,1619,1621],{"class":945,"line":1606},23,[943,1608,1609],{"class":1329},"        if",[943,1611,1612],{"class":957}," (",[943,1614,1221],{"class":970},[943,1616,1211],{"class":957},[943,1618,1432],{"class":957},[943,1620,1078],{"class":970},[943,1622,974],{"class":957},[943,1624,1626],{"class":945,"line":1625},24,[943,1627,1024],{"class":957},[943,1629,1631],{"class":945,"line":1630},25,[943,1632,1018],{"class":957},[943,1634,1636],{"class":945,"line":1635},26,[943,1637,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1639,1641,1643,1645,1647],{"class":945,"line":1640},27,[943,1642,1060],{"class":949},[943,1644,1063],{"class":987},[943,1646,991],{"class":957},[943,1648,958],{"class":957},[943,1650,1652,1654,1656,1658],{"class":945,"line":1651},28,[943,1653,1280],{"class":1077},[943,1655,1283],{"class":957},[943,1657,1008],{"class":949},[943,1659,1288],{"class":957},[943,1661,1663],{"class":945,"line":1662},29,[943,1664,1665],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F 编译错误：不允许复制构造\n",[943,1667,1669],{"class":945,"line":1668},30,[943,1670,1671],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F UniquePtr pb{pa};\n",[943,1673,1675],{"class":945,"line":1674},31,[943,1676,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1678,1680],{"class":945,"line":1679},32,[943,1681,1682],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F OK，将 pa 所持有的资源移交给 pb\n",[943,1684,1686,1688,1690,1693,1695,1698,1700,1702],{"class":945,"line":1685},33,[943,1687,1293],{"class":1077},[943,1689,1011],{"class":957},[943,1691,1692],{"class":953},"std",[943,1694,1503],{"class":957},[943,1696,1697],{"class":987},"move",[943,1699,1202],{"class":957},[943,1701,1298],{"class":970},[943,1703,1704],{"class":957},")};\n",[943,1706,1708],{"class":945,"line":1707},34,[943,1709,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1711,1713],{"class":945,"line":1712},35,[943,1714,1715],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F 现在 pa 不持有资源\n",[943,1717,1719],{"class":945,"line":1718},36,[943,1720,1721],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F pb 析构时，将资源释放\n",[943,1723,1725],{"class":945,"line":1724},37,[943,1726,1153],{"class":957},[1728,1729,1730],"blockquote",{},[918,1731,1732],{},"或许你可以将复制构造\u002F复制赋值重载定义为复制资源，但并不是所有资源都可以复制（如文件操作、网络接口等）；而且赋值时复制资源与“裸”指针赋值的语义也不符。“裸”指针复制时并不会复制其所指向的内容，那自定义的类型就不应该这样做。",[918,1734,1735,1736,1738,1739,1742],{},"这个实现保证每个 ",[940,1737,1479],{}," 能独一无二地持有其所使用的资源，并且会自动释放它。这种自动释放的指针看上去非常智能，因此这类指针被称为智能指针（Smart pointer）。标准库的 ",[940,1740,1741],{},"std::unique_ptr"," 实现了独占所有权的智能指针。",[933,1744,1746],{"className":935,"code":1745,"language":937,"meta":938,"style":938},"#include \u003Cmemory> \u002F\u002F 智能指针定义于此\n\nint main() {\n    std::unique_ptr\u003Cint> pa{new int{42}};\n    \u002F\u002F 禁止复制\n    \u002F\u002F std::unique_ptr\u003Cint> pb{pa};\n\n    \u002F\u002F 转移所有权\n    std::unique_ptr\u003Cint> pb;\n    pb = std::move(pa);\n}\n",[940,1747,1748,1763,1767,1777,1808,1813,1818,1822,1827,1846,1866],{"__ignoreMap":938},[943,1749,1750,1752,1754,1757,1760],{"class":945,"line":946},[943,1751,1330],{"class":1329},[943,1753,1333],{"class":957},[943,1755,1756],{"class":1336},"memory",[943,1758,1759],{"class":957},">",[943,1761,1762],{"class":1099}," \u002F\u002F 智能指针定义于此\n",[943,1764,1765],{"class":945,"line":961},[943,1766,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1768,1769,1771,1773,1775],{"class":945,"line":977},[943,1770,1060],{"class":949},[943,1772,1063],{"class":987},[943,1774,991],{"class":957},[943,1776,958],{"class":957},[943,1778,1779,1782,1784,1787,1790,1792,1794,1797,1799,1801,1803,1805],{"class":945,"line":984},[943,1780,1781],{"class":953},"    std",[943,1783,1503],{"class":957},[943,1785,1786],{"class":1077},"unique_ptr",[943,1788,1789],{"class":957},"\u003C",[943,1791,1060],{"class":949},[943,1793,1759],{"class":957},[943,1795,1796],{"class":1077}," pa",[943,1798,1283],{"class":957},[943,1800,1008],{"class":949},[943,1802,1011],{"class":957},[943,1804,1015],{"class":1014},[943,1806,1807],{"class":957},"}};\n",[943,1809,1810],{"class":945,"line":996},[943,1811,1812],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F 禁止复制\n",[943,1814,1815],{"class":945,"line":1021},[943,1816,1817],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F std::unique_ptr\u003Cint> pb{pa};\n",[943,1819,1820],{"class":945,"line":1027},[943,1821,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1823,1824],{"class":945,"line":1037},[943,1825,1826],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F 转移所有权\n",[943,1828,1829,1831,1833,1835,1837,1839,1841,1844],{"class":945,"line":1047},[943,1830,1781],{"class":953},[943,1832,1503],{"class":957},[943,1834,1786],{"class":1077},[943,1836,1789],{"class":957},[943,1838,1060],{"class":949},[943,1840,1759],{"class":957},[943,1842,1843],{"class":1077}," pb",[943,1845,974],{"class":957},[943,1847,1848,1851,1853,1856,1858,1860,1862,1864],{"class":945,"line":1052},[943,1849,1850],{"class":1077},"    pb ",[943,1852,1002],{"class":957},[943,1854,1855],{"class":953}," std",[943,1857,1503],{"class":957},[943,1859,1697],{"class":987},[943,1861,1202],{"class":957},[943,1863,1298],{"class":1077},[943,1865,1523],{"class":957},[943,1867,1868],{"class":945,"line":1057},[943,1869,1153],{"class":957},[918,1871,1872,1873,1876,1877,1879],{},"像这样使用智能指针时，会出现“游离”的 new 运算符。这样写不太美观：因为这个 new 对应的 delete 已经交给智能指针负责了，显式的 new 可能带来错误的“手动内存管理”的错觉。因此标准库提供了 ",[940,1874,1875],{},"std::make_unique"," 辅助函数，它会使用 new 运算符获取自动存储期对象，并用调用时的实参初始化该对象，最后返回持有该对象所有权的 ",[940,1878,1741],{},"。刚刚的例子可以改进成这个样子：",[933,1881,1883],{"className":935,"code":1882,"language":937,"meta":938,"style":938},"#include \u003Cmemory> \u002F\u002F 智能指针定义于此\n\nint main() {\n    std::unique_ptr pa = std::make_unique\u003Cint>(42);\n\n    \u002F\u002F 转移所有权\n    std::unique_ptr\u003Cint> pb;\n    pb = std::move(pa);\n}\n",[940,1884,1885,1897,1901,1911,1940,1944,1948,1966,1984],{"__ignoreMap":938},[943,1886,1887,1889,1891,1893,1895],{"class":945,"line":946},[943,1888,1330],{"class":1329},[943,1890,1333],{"class":957},[943,1892,1756],{"class":1336},[943,1894,1759],{"class":957},[943,1896,1762],{"class":1099},[943,1898,1899],{"class":945,"line":961},[943,1900,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1902,1903,1905,1907,1909],{"class":945,"line":977},[943,1904,1060],{"class":949},[943,1906,1063],{"class":987},[943,1908,991],{"class":957},[943,1910,958],{"class":957},[943,1912,1913,1915,1917,1920,1922,1924,1926,1929,1931,1933,1936,1938],{"class":945,"line":984},[943,1914,1781],{"class":953},[943,1916,1503],{"class":957},[943,1918,1919],{"class":1077},"unique_ptr pa ",[943,1921,1002],{"class":957},[943,1923,1855],{"class":953},[943,1925,1503],{"class":957},[943,1927,1928],{"class":987},"make_unique",[943,1930,1789],{"class":957},[943,1932,1060],{"class":949},[943,1934,1935],{"class":957},">(",[943,1937,1015],{"class":1014},[943,1939,1523],{"class":957},[943,1941,1942],{"class":945,"line":996},[943,1943,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,1945,1946],{"class":945,"line":1021},[943,1947,1826],{"class":1099},[943,1949,1950,1952,1954,1956,1958,1960,1962,1964],{"class":945,"line":1027},[943,1951,1781],{"class":953},[943,1953,1503],{"class":957},[943,1955,1786],{"class":1077},[943,1957,1789],{"class":957},[943,1959,1060],{"class":949},[943,1961,1759],{"class":957},[943,1963,1843],{"class":1077},[943,1965,974],{"class":957},[943,1967,1968,1970,1972,1974,1976,1978,1980,1982],{"class":945,"line":1037},[943,1969,1850],{"class":1077},[943,1971,1002],{"class":957},[943,1973,1855],{"class":953},[943,1975,1503],{"class":957},[943,1977,1697],{"class":987},[943,1979,1202],{"class":957},[943,1981,1298],{"class":1077},[943,1983,1523],{"class":957},[943,1985,1986],{"class":945,"line":1047},[943,1987,1153],{"class":957},[918,1989,1990,1992,1993,1996,1997,1999,2000,2002,2003,2005],{},[940,1991,1741],{}," 支持 ",[940,1994,1995],{},"new[]"," 类似的变长数组分配。在这种形式下，你需要将“未知长度数组”作为 ",[940,1998,1741],{}," 或 ",[940,2001,1875],{}," 的模板实参。此外，动态的“数组长度”作为 ",[940,2004,1875],{}," 的函数实参传入：",[933,2007,2009],{"className":935,"code":2008,"language":937,"meta":938,"style":938},"#include \u003Cmemory> \u002F\u002F 智能指针定义于此\n\nint main() {\n    int n;\n    std::cin >> n;\n    \u002F\u002F 分配 n 个 int；pa 持有它们的所有权\n    std::unique_ptr pa = std::make_unique\u003Cint[]>(n);\n\n    \u002F\u002F 数组元素被值初始化（零初始化）\n    pa[0]; \u002F\u002F 0\n}\n",[940,2010,2011,2023,2027,2037,2046,2062,2067,2097,2101,2106,2123],{"__ignoreMap":938},[943,2012,2013,2015,2017,2019,2021],{"class":945,"line":946},[943,2014,1330],{"class":1329},[943,2016,1333],{"class":957},[943,2018,1756],{"class":1336},[943,2020,1759],{"class":957},[943,2022,1762],{"class":1099},[943,2024,2025],{"class":945,"line":961},[943,2026,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,2028,2029,2031,2033,2035],{"class":945,"line":977},[943,2030,1060],{"class":949},[943,2032,1063],{"class":987},[943,2034,991],{"class":957},[943,2036,958],{"class":957},[943,2038,2039,2041,2044],{"class":945,"line":984},[943,2040,964],{"class":949},[943,2042,2043],{"class":1077}," n",[943,2045,974],{"class":957},[943,2047,2048,2050,2052,2055,2058,2060],{"class":945,"line":996},[943,2049,1781],{"class":953},[943,2051,1503],{"class":957},[943,2053,2054],{"class":1077},"cin ",[943,2056,2057],{"class":957},">>",[943,2059,2043],{"class":1077},[943,2061,974],{"class":957},[943,2063,2064],{"class":945,"line":1021},[943,2065,2066],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F 分配 n 个 int；pa 持有它们的所有权\n",[943,2068,2069,2071,2073,2075,2077,2079,2081,2083,2085,2087,2090,2092,2095],{"class":945,"line":1027},[943,2070,1781],{"class":953},[943,2072,1503],{"class":957},[943,2074,1919],{"class":1077},[943,2076,1002],{"class":957},[943,2078,1855],{"class":953},[943,2080,1503],{"class":957},[943,2082,1928],{"class":987},[943,2084,1789],{"class":957},[943,2086,1060],{"class":949},[943,2088,2089],{"class":1077},"[]",[943,2091,1935],{"class":957},[943,2093,2094],{"class":1077},"n",[943,2096,1523],{"class":957},[943,2098,2099],{"class":945,"line":1037},[943,2100,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,2102,2103],{"class":945,"line":1047},[943,2104,2105],{"class":1099},"    \u002F\u002F 数组元素被值初始化（零初始化）\n",[943,2107,2108,2111,2114,2117,2120],{"class":945,"line":1052},[943,2109,2110],{"class":1077},"    pa",[943,2112,2113],{"class":957},"[",[943,2115,2116],{"class":1014},"0",[943,2118,2119],{"class":957},"];",[943,2121,2122],{"class":1099}," \u002F\u002F 0\n",[943,2124,2125],{"class":945,"line":1057},[943,2126,1153],{"class":957},[918,2128,2129,2130,2133,2134,2136,2137,2140,2141,2143,2144,2147,2148,2150],{},"这里可以正常使用 ",[940,2131,2132],{},"pa[0]","，表明 ",[940,2135,1741],{}," 在拥有“数组”类型对象时重载了 ",[940,2138,2139],{},"operator[]","。此外，",[940,2142,1741],{}," 重载了 ",[940,2145,2146],{},"operator->","，意味着如果它持有一个类类型对象（结构体），则可以直接通过 ",[940,2149,1114],{}," 访问其成员：",[933,2152,2154],{"className":935,"code":2153,"language":937,"meta":938,"style":938},"#include \u003Cmemory> \u002F\u002F 智能指针定义于此\n\nstruct Coord {\n    int x, y;\n}\n\nint main() {\n    std::unique_ptr pa = std::make_unique\u003CCoord>(1, 2);\n\n    pa->x; \u002F\u002F 1\n    pa->y; \u002F\u002F 2\n}\n",[940,2155,2156,2168,2172,2181,2195,2199,2203,2213,2246,2250,2264,2278],{"__ignoreMap":938},[943,2157,2158,2160,2162,2164,2166],{"class":945,"line":946},[943,2159,1330],{"class":1329},[943,2161,1333],{"class":957},[943,2163,1756],{"class":1336},[943,2165,1759],{"class":957},[943,2167,1762],{"class":1099},[943,2169,2170],{"class":945,"line":961},[943,2171,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,2173,2174,2176,2179],{"class":945,"line":977},[943,2175,950],{"class":949},[943,2177,2178],{"class":953}," Coord",[943,2180,958],{"class":957},[943,2182,2183,2185,2188,2190,2193],{"class":945,"line":984},[943,2184,964],{"class":949},[943,2186,2187],{"class":970}," x",[943,2189,1513],{"class":957},[943,2191,2192],{"class":970}," y",[943,2194,974],{"class":957},[943,2196,2197],{"class":945,"line":996},[943,2198,1153],{"class":957},[943,2200,2201],{"class":945,"line":1021},[943,2202,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,2204,2205,2207,2209,2211],{"class":945,"line":1027},[943,2206,1060],{"class":949},[943,2208,1063],{"class":987},[943,2210,991],{"class":957},[943,2212,958],{"class":957},[943,2214,2215,2217,2219,2221,2223,2225,2227,2229,2231,2234,2236,2239,2241,2244],{"class":945,"line":1037},[943,2216,1781],{"class":953},[943,2218,1503],{"class":957},[943,2220,1919],{"class":970},[943,2222,1002],{"class":957},[943,2224,1855],{"class":953},[943,2226,1503],{"class":957},[943,2228,1928],{"class":987},[943,2230,1789],{"class":957},[943,2232,2233],{"class":953},"Coord",[943,2235,1935],{"class":957},[943,2237,2238],{"class":1014},"1",[943,2240,1513],{"class":957},[943,2242,2243],{"class":1014}," 2",[943,2245,1523],{"class":957},[943,2247,2248],{"class":945,"line":1047},[943,2249,981],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":980},[943,2251,2252,2254,2256,2259,2261],{"class":945,"line":1052},[943,2253,2110],{"class":1077},[943,2255,1114],{"class":957},[943,2257,2258],{"class":1077},"x",[943,2260,1096],{"class":957},[943,2262,2263],{"class":1099}," \u002F\u002F 1\n",[943,2265,2266,2268,2270,2273,2275],{"class":945,"line":1057},[943,2267,2110],{"class":1077},[943,2269,1114],{"class":957},[943,2271,2272],{"class":1077},"y",[943,2274,1096],{"class":957},[943,2276,2277],{"class":1099}," \u002F\u002F 2\n",[943,2279,2280],{"class":945,"line":1070},[943,2281,1153],{"class":957},[2283,2284,2285],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .spNyl, html code.shiki .spNyl{--shiki-light:#9C3EDA;--shiki-default:#C792EA;--shiki-dark:#C792EA}html pre.shiki code .sBMFI, html code.shiki .sBMFI{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#FFCB6B;--shiki-dark:#FFCB6B}html pre.shiki code .sMK4o, html code.shiki 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