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标准库提供的四个生成引擎是：",[947,948,949,962],"table",{},[950,951,952],"thead",{},[953,954,955,959],"tr",{},[956,957,958],"th",{},"引擎名",[956,960,961],{},"说明",[963,964,965,977,987,997],"tbody",{},[953,966,967,974],{},[968,969,970],"td",{},[971,972,973],"code",{},"std::random_device",[968,975,976],{},"尽可能使用真随机生成器的生成引擎",[953,978,979,984],{},[968,980,981],{},[971,982,983],{},"std::linear_congruential_engine",[968,985,986],{},"使用线性同余算法的生成引擎",[953,988,989,994],{},[968,990,991],{},[971,992,993],{},"std::mersenne_twister_engine",[968,995,996],{},"使用梅森旋转算法的生成引擎",[953,998,999,1004],{},[968,1000,1001],{},[971,1002,1003],{},"std::subtract_with_carry_engine",[968,1005,1006],{},"使用带进位减算法的生成引擎",[918,1008,1009,1010,1013],{},"此外，C++ 标准库还提供了一系列引擎适配器，以提供更常用的标准算法，其中还包括 ",[971,1011,1012],{},"std::default_random_engine"," 作为实现定义的默认引擎（或其适配器）。",[918,1015,1016],{},"而且，不同的引擎或引擎适配器有不同的构造方法，看着就很晕很乱。但在日常没有特别要求的情形下：",[1018,1019,1020,1027],"ul",{},[1021,1022,1023,1024,1026],"li",{},"用 ",[971,1025,973],{}," 生成最随机的数，但可能会很慢；",[1021,1028,1023,1029,1031],{},[971,1030,1012],{}," 快速地生成伪随机数，但若不设定种子，随机性可能很差。",[918,1033,1034,1035,1037,1038,1040],{},"所以，接下来我将这样演示代码：首先用 ",[971,1036,973],{}," 生成一个随机种子，随后用 ",[971,1039,1012],{}," 生成剩余的伪随机数序列。",[1042,1043,1044],"h3",{"id":1044},"构造生成引擎",[918,1046,1047],{},"所有的生成引擎（或引擎适配器，后略）都提供如下成员：",[1018,1049,1050,1053,1056],{},[1021,1051,1052],{},"单参数的构造函数：提供一个种子（$x_0$）以生成后续随机数；",[1021,1054,1055],{},"默认构造函数：默认种子\u002F真随机生成；",[1021,1057,1058,1061],{},[971,1059,1060],{},"operator()","：执行随机算法（$f$）产出一个随机数。",[918,1063,1064],{},"那么，我们就可以尝试生成一个随机种子：",[1066,1067,1072],"pre",{"className":1068,"code":1069,"language":1070,"meta":1071,"style":1071},"language-cpp shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Crandom> \u002F\u002F 所有现代伪随机数生成器皆定义于此头文件\n\nint main() {\n    std::random_device rd; \u002F\u002F 构造真随机数生成引擎\n    auto seed{rd()};       \u002F\u002F 产出一个随机数\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C seed \u003C\u003C std::endl; \n}\n","cpp","",[971,1073,1074,1094,1111,1118,1135,1155,1176,1207],{"__ignoreMap":1071},[1075,1076,1079,1083,1087,1091],"span",{"class":1077,"line":1078},"line",1,[1075,1080,1082],{"class":1081},"s7zQu","#include",[1075,1084,1086],{"class":1085},"sMK4o"," \u003C",[1075,1088,1090],{"class":1089},"sfazB","iostream",[1075,1092,1093],{"class":1085},">\n",[1075,1095,1097,1099,1101,1104,1107],{"class":1077,"line":1096},2,[1075,1098,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1100,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1102,1103],{"class":1089},"random",[1075,1105,1106],{"class":1085},">",[1075,1108,1110],{"class":1109},"sHwdD"," \u002F\u002F 所有现代伪随机数生成器皆定义于此头文件\n",[1075,1112,1114],{"class":1077,"line":1113},3,[1075,1115,1117],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1116},true,"\n",[1075,1119,1121,1125,1129,1132],{"class":1077,"line":1120},4,[1075,1122,1124],{"class":1123},"spNyl","int",[1075,1126,1128],{"class":1127},"s2Zo4"," main",[1075,1130,1131],{"class":1085},"()",[1075,1133,1134],{"class":1085}," {\n",[1075,1136,1138,1142,1145,1149,1152],{"class":1077,"line":1137},5,[1075,1139,1141],{"class":1140},"sBMFI","    std",[1075,1143,1144],{"class":1085},"::",[1075,1146,1148],{"class":1147},"sTEyZ","random_device rd",[1075,1150,1151],{"class":1085},";",[1075,1153,1154],{"class":1109}," \u002F\u002F 构造真随机数生成引擎\n",[1075,1156,1158,1161,1164,1167,1170,1173],{"class":1077,"line":1157},6,[1075,1159,1160],{"class":1123},"    auto",[1075,1162,1163],{"class":1147}," seed",[1075,1165,1166],{"class":1085},"{",[1075,1168,1169],{"class":1127},"rd",[1075,1171,1172],{"class":1085},"()};",[1075,1174,1175],{"class":1109},"       \u002F\u002F 产出一个随机数\n",[1075,1177,1179,1181,1183,1186,1189,1192,1194,1197,1199,1202,1204],{"class":1077,"line":1178},7,[1075,1180,1141],{"class":1140},[1075,1182,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1184,1185],{"class":1147},"cout ",[1075,1187,1188],{"class":1085},"\u003C\u003C",[1075,1190,1191],{"class":1147}," seed ",[1075,1193,1188],{"class":1085},[1075,1195,1196],{"class":1140}," std",[1075,1198,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1200,1201],{"class":1147},"endl",[1075,1203,1151],{"class":1085},[1075,1205,1206],{"class":1147}," \n",[1075,1208,1210],{"class":1077,"line":1209},8,[1075,1211,1212],{"class":1085},"}\n",[918,1214,1215],{},"你可以多运行几次这个程序，可以发现每次输出的结果（理论上）都不一样。",[918,1217,1218],{},"有了种子之后，就可以带入伪随机数生成器了。",[1066,1220,1222],{"className":1068,"code":1221,"language":1070,"meta":1071,"style":1071},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Crandom>\n\nint main() {\n    std::random_device rd; \u002F\u002F 构造真随机数生成引擎\n    auto seed{rd()};       \u002F\u002F 产出一个随机数作为种子\n    \n    \u002F\u002F 用 seed 作为种子构造伪随机数生成器\n    std::default_random_engine e(seed);\n\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C e() \u003C\u003C std::endl; \u002F\u002F 产出随机数\n}\n",[971,1223,1224,1234,1244,1248,1258,1270,1285,1290,1295,1317,1322,1352],{"__ignoreMap":1071},[1075,1225,1226,1228,1230,1232],{"class":1077,"line":1078},[1075,1227,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1229,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1231,1090],{"class":1089},[1075,1233,1093],{"class":1085},[1075,1235,1236,1238,1240,1242],{"class":1077,"line":1096},[1075,1237,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1239,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1241,1103],{"class":1089},[1075,1243,1093],{"class":1085},[1075,1245,1246],{"class":1077,"line":1113},[1075,1247,1117],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1116},[1075,1249,1250,1252,1254,1256],{"class":1077,"line":1120},[1075,1251,1124],{"class":1123},[1075,1253,1128],{"class":1127},[1075,1255,1131],{"class":1085},[1075,1257,1134],{"class":1085},[1075,1259,1260,1262,1264,1266,1268],{"class":1077,"line":1137},[1075,1261,1141],{"class":1140},[1075,1263,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1265,1148],{"class":1147},[1075,1267,1151],{"class":1085},[1075,1269,1154],{"class":1109},[1075,1271,1272,1274,1276,1278,1280,1282],{"class":1077,"line":1157},[1075,1273,1160],{"class":1123},[1075,1275,1163],{"class":1147},[1075,1277,1166],{"class":1085},[1075,1279,1169],{"class":1127},[1075,1281,1172],{"class":1085},[1075,1283,1284],{"class":1109},"       \u002F\u002F 产出一个随机数作为种子\n",[1075,1286,1287],{"class":1077,"line":1178},[1075,1288,1289],{"class":1147},"    \n",[1075,1291,1292],{"class":1077,"line":1209},[1075,1293,1294],{"class":1109},"    \u002F\u002F 用 seed 作为种子构造伪随机数生成器\n",[1075,1296,1298,1300,1302,1305,1308,1311,1314],{"class":1077,"line":1297},9,[1075,1299,1141],{"class":1140},[1075,1301,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1303,1304],{"class":1147},"default_random_engine ",[1075,1306,1307],{"class":1127},"e",[1075,1309,1310],{"class":1085},"(",[1075,1312,1313],{"class":1147},"seed",[1075,1315,1316],{"class":1085},");\n",[1075,1318,1320],{"class":1077,"line":1319},10,[1075,1321,1117],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1116},[1075,1323,1325,1327,1329,1331,1333,1336,1338,1341,1343,1345,1347,1349],{"class":1077,"line":1324},11,[1075,1326,1141],{"class":1140},[1075,1328,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1330,1185],{"class":1147},[1075,1332,1188],{"class":1085},[1075,1334,1335],{"class":1127}," e",[1075,1337,1131],{"class":1085},[1075,1339,1340],{"class":1085}," \u003C\u003C",[1075,1342,1196],{"class":1140},[1075,1344,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1346,1201],{"class":1147},[1075,1348,1151],{"class":1085},[1075,1350,1351],{"class":1109}," \u002F\u002F 产出随机数\n",[1075,1353,1355],{"class":1077,"line":1354},12,[1075,1356,1212],{"class":1085},[918,1358,1359],{},"同样地，每次运行程序的结果都不一样。",[1042,1361,1362],{"id":1362},"构造服从分布的随机变量",[918,1364,1365],{},"但是，所有引擎生成的随机数类型是实现定义的。我们偶尔需要将随机数限定在一个范围内，或者服从特定的分布（如正态分布等）。幸运地，C++ 为我们提供了大量常见分布：均匀分布、两点（伯努利）分布、二项分布、泊松分布、$\\Gamma$ 分布、正态分布、$\\chi^2$ 分布等等。",[918,1367,1368],{},"C++ 将每个分布都抽象为一个类。这个类会提供如下成员：",[1018,1370,1371,1374],{},[1021,1372,1373],{},"构造函数（包括分布的参数）；",[1021,1375,1376,1378],{},[971,1377,1060],{},"，传入一个生成引擎以生成下一个服从分布的随机值。",[918,1380,1381,1382,1385],{},"作为例子，我这里使用整数均匀分布 ",[971,1383,1384],{},"std::uniform_int_distribution"," 演示。",[918,1387,1388,1390,1391,1394,1395,1398],{},[971,1389,1384],{}," 的构造函数带两个参数 ",[971,1392,1393],{},"a"," 和 ",[971,1396,1397],{},"b","，代表生成随机数的上界（含）和下界（含）。比如，如果想要生成 $1$ 到 $6$ 的随机数，则应使用",[1066,1400,1402],{"className":1068,"code":1401,"language":1070,"meta":1071,"style":1071},"#include \u003Crandom>\n\nint main() {\n    std::uniform_int_distribution d(1, 6);\n}\n",[971,1403,1404,1414,1418,1428,1454],{"__ignoreMap":1071},[1075,1405,1406,1408,1410,1412],{"class":1077,"line":1078},[1075,1407,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1409,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1411,1103],{"class":1089},[1075,1413,1093],{"class":1085},[1075,1415,1416],{"class":1077,"line":1096},[1075,1417,1117],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1116},[1075,1419,1420,1422,1424,1426],{"class":1077,"line":1113},[1075,1421,1124],{"class":1123},[1075,1423,1128],{"class":1127},[1075,1425,1131],{"class":1085},[1075,1427,1134],{"class":1085},[1075,1429,1430,1432,1434,1437,1440,1442,1446,1449,1452],{"class":1077,"line":1120},[1075,1431,1141],{"class":1140},[1075,1433,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1435,1436],{"class":1147},"uniform_int_distribution ",[1075,1438,1439],{"class":1127},"d",[1075,1441,1310],{"class":1085},[1075,1443,1445],{"class":1444},"sbssI","1",[1075,1447,1448],{"class":1085},",",[1075,1450,1451],{"class":1444}," 6",[1075,1453,1316],{"class":1085},[1075,1455,1456],{"class":1077,"line":1137},[1075,1457,1212],{"class":1085},[1459,1460,1461],"blockquote",{},[918,1462,1463,1465],{},[971,1464,1384],{}," 是模板类，还可传入一个模板参数作为产出随机值的类型。这里的代码使用 CTAD 省略了模板参数。",[918,1467,1468,1469,1471,1472,1474],{},"生成的时候，向 ",[971,1470,1439],{}," 的 ",[971,1473,1060],{}," 传入一个引擎：",[1066,1476,1478],{"className":1068,"code":1477,"language":1070,"meta":1071,"style":1071},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Crandom>\n\nint main() {\n    \u002F\u002F 产出种子\n    std::random_device rd;\n    auto seed{rd()};\n    \n    \u002F\u002F 构造引擎\n    std::default_random_engine e(seed);\n\n    \u002F\u002F 构造分布\n    std::uniform_int_distribution d(1, 6);\n\n    for (int i{0}; i \u003C 10; i++) {\n        int val{d(e)}; \u002F\u002F d(e) 产出 1~6 的随机整数\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C val \u003C\u003C std::endl;\n    }\n}\n",[971,1479,1480,1490,1500,1504,1514,1519,1530,1543,1547,1552,1568,1572,1577,1598,1603,1644,1668,1693,1699],{"__ignoreMap":1071},[1075,1481,1482,1484,1486,1488],{"class":1077,"line":1078},[1075,1483,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1485,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1487,1090],{"class":1089},[1075,1489,1093],{"class":1085},[1075,1491,1492,1494,1496,1498],{"class":1077,"line":1096},[1075,1493,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1495,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1497,1103],{"class":1089},[1075,1499,1093],{"class":1085},[1075,1501,1502],{"class":1077,"line":1113},[1075,1503,1117],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1116},[1075,1505,1506,1508,1510,1512],{"class":1077,"line":1120},[1075,1507,1124],{"class":1123},[1075,1509,1128],{"class":1127},[1075,1511,1131],{"class":1085},[1075,1513,1134],{"class":1085},[1075,1515,1516],{"class":1077,"line":1137},[1075,1517,1518],{"class":1109},"    \u002F\u002F 产出种子\n",[1075,1520,1521,1523,1525,1527],{"class":1077,"line":1157},[1075,1522,1141],{"class":1140},[1075,1524,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1526,1148],{"class":1147},[1075,1528,1529],{"class":1085},";\n",[1075,1531,1532,1534,1536,1538,1540],{"class":1077,"line":1178},[1075,1533,1160],{"class":1123},[1075,1535,1163],{"class":1147},[1075,1537,1166],{"class":1085},[1075,1539,1169],{"class":1127},[1075,1541,1542],{"class":1085},"()};\n",[1075,1544,1545],{"class":1077,"line":1209},[1075,1546,1289],{"class":1147},[1075,1548,1549],{"class":1077,"line":1297},[1075,1550,1551],{"class":1109},"    \u002F\u002F 构造引擎\n",[1075,1553,1554,1556,1558,1560,1562,1564,1566],{"class":1077,"line":1319},[1075,1555,1141],{"class":1140},[1075,1557,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1559,1304],{"class":1147},[1075,1561,1307],{"class":1127},[1075,1563,1310],{"class":1085},[1075,1565,1313],{"class":1147},[1075,1567,1316],{"class":1085},[1075,1569,1570],{"class":1077,"line":1324},[1075,1571,1117],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1116},[1075,1573,1574],{"class":1077,"line":1354},[1075,1575,1576],{"class":1109},"    \u002F\u002F 构造分布\n",[1075,1578,1580,1582,1584,1586,1588,1590,1592,1594,1596],{"class":1077,"line":1579},13,[1075,1581,1141],{"class":1140},[1075,1583,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1585,1436],{"class":1147},[1075,1587,1439],{"class":1127},[1075,1589,1310],{"class":1085},[1075,1591,1445],{"class":1444},[1075,1593,1448],{"class":1085},[1075,1595,1451],{"class":1444},[1075,1597,1316],{"class":1085},[1075,1599,1601],{"class":1077,"line":1600},14,[1075,1602,1117],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1116},[1075,1604,1606,1609,1612,1614,1617,1620,1623,1625,1628,1631,1634,1636,1639,1642],{"class":1077,"line":1605},15,[1075,1607,1608],{"class":1081},"    for",[1075,1610,1611],{"class":1085}," (",[1075,1613,1124],{"class":1123},[1075,1615,1616],{"class":1147}," i{",[1075,1618,1619],{"class":1444},"0",[1075,1621,1622],{"class":1147},"}",[1075,1624,1151],{"class":1085},[1075,1626,1627],{"class":1147}," i ",[1075,1629,1630],{"class":1085},"\u003C",[1075,1632,1633],{"class":1444}," 10",[1075,1635,1151],{"class":1085},[1075,1637,1638],{"class":1147}," i",[1075,1640,1641],{"class":1085},"++)",[1075,1643,1134],{"class":1085},[1075,1645,1647,1650,1654,1656,1658,1660,1662,1665],{"class":1077,"line":1646},16,[1075,1648,1649],{"class":1123},"        int",[1075,1651,1653],{"class":1652},"swJcz"," val",[1075,1655,1166],{"class":1085},[1075,1657,1439],{"class":1127},[1075,1659,1310],{"class":1085},[1075,1661,1307],{"class":1652},[1075,1663,1664],{"class":1085},")};",[1075,1666,1667],{"class":1109}," \u002F\u002F d(e) 产出 1~6 的随机整数\n",[1075,1669,1671,1674,1676,1678,1680,1683,1685,1687,1689,1691],{"class":1077,"line":1670},17,[1075,1672,1673],{"class":1140},"        std",[1075,1675,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1677,1185],{"class":1652},[1075,1679,1188],{"class":1085},[1075,1681,1682],{"class":1652}," val ",[1075,1684,1188],{"class":1085},[1075,1686,1196],{"class":1140},[1075,1688,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1690,1201],{"class":1652},[1075,1692,1529],{"class":1085},[1075,1694,1696],{"class":1077,"line":1695},18,[1075,1697,1698],{"class":1085},"    }\n",[1075,1700,1702],{"class":1077,"line":1701},19,[1075,1703,1212],{"class":1085},[918,1705,1706],{},"上述代码就会产出十个 $1\\sim 6$ 的随机值，每次运行结果都不同。",[918,1708,1709,1710,1713,1714,1717,1718,1724],{},"类似地，",[971,1711,1712],{},"std::uniform_real_distribution"," 产出均匀分布的浮点数（构造时传入上下界）；",[971,1715,1716],{},"std::normal_distribution"," 产出服从正态分布的随机试验结果（构造时传入均值和方差）。更多的分布介绍，可参阅 ",[1393,1719,1723],{"href":1720,"rel":1721},"https:\u002F\u002Fzh.cppreference.com\u002Fw\u002Fcpp\u002Fnumeric\u002Frandom",[1722],"nofollow","CppReference","。",[933,1726,1728],{"id":1727},"c-风格随机数生成选读","C 风格随机数生成（选读）",[918,1730,1731,1734,1735,1738],{},[971,1732,1733],{},"\u003Ccstdlib>"," 头文件（C 语言中为 ",[971,1736,1737],{},"\u003Cstdlib.h>","）定义了两个函数和一个宏常量，以生成低质量的随机数。",[918,1740,1741,1742,1745,1746,1748,1749,1751,1752,1755,1756,1758,1759,1762],{},"每调用函数 ",[971,1743,1744],{},"std::rand","，产出一个 ",[971,1747,1124],{}," 类型的随机整数，取值范围从 ",[971,1750,1619],{}," 到 ",[971,1753,1754],{},"RAND_MAX","。其中 ",[971,1757,1754],{}," 是一个可能很小（但不低于 ",[971,1760,1761],{},"32767","）的常量。",[918,1764,1765,1766,1769,1770,1772],{},"但我们并未设置任何种子。",[971,1767,1768],{},"std::srand"," 设置 ",[971,1771,1744],{}," 接下来产出随机数的种子。",[1066,1774,1776],{"className":1068,"code":1775,"language":1070,"meta":1071,"style":1071},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Ccstdlib>\nint main() {\n    std::srand(42); \u002F\u002F 以 42 作为随机数生成种子\n    for (int i{0}; i \u003C 10; i++) {\n        int val{std::rand()}; \u002F\u002F 产出 0~RAND_MAX 的随机数\n        \u002F\u002F （你可以用取模运算限制其范围）\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C val \u003C\u003C std::endl;\n    }\n}\n",[971,1777,1778,1788,1799,1809,1829,1859,1880,1885,1907,1911],{"__ignoreMap":1071},[1075,1779,1780,1782,1784,1786],{"class":1077,"line":1078},[1075,1781,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1783,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1785,1090],{"class":1089},[1075,1787,1093],{"class":1085},[1075,1789,1790,1792,1794,1797],{"class":1077,"line":1096},[1075,1791,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1793,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1795,1796],{"class":1089},"cstdlib",[1075,1798,1093],{"class":1085},[1075,1800,1801,1803,1805,1807],{"class":1077,"line":1113},[1075,1802,1124],{"class":1123},[1075,1804,1128],{"class":1127},[1075,1806,1131],{"class":1085},[1075,1808,1134],{"class":1085},[1075,1810,1811,1813,1815,1818,1820,1823,1826],{"class":1077,"line":1120},[1075,1812,1141],{"class":1140},[1075,1814,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1816,1817],{"class":1127},"srand",[1075,1819,1310],{"class":1085},[1075,1821,1822],{"class":1444},"42",[1075,1824,1825],{"class":1085},");",[1075,1827,1828],{"class":1109}," \u002F\u002F 以 42 作为随机数生成种子\n",[1075,1830,1831,1833,1835,1837,1839,1841,1843,1845,1847,1849,1851,1853,1855,1857],{"class":1077,"line":1137},[1075,1832,1608],{"class":1081},[1075,1834,1611],{"class":1085},[1075,1836,1124],{"class":1123},[1075,1838,1616],{"class":1147},[1075,1840,1619],{"class":1444},[1075,1842,1622],{"class":1147},[1075,1844,1151],{"class":1085},[1075,1846,1627],{"class":1147},[1075,1848,1630],{"class":1085},[1075,1850,1633],{"class":1444},[1075,1852,1151],{"class":1085},[1075,1854,1638],{"class":1147},[1075,1856,1641],{"class":1085},[1075,1858,1134],{"class":1085},[1075,1860,1861,1863,1865,1867,1870,1872,1875,1877],{"class":1077,"line":1157},[1075,1862,1649],{"class":1123},[1075,1864,1653],{"class":1652},[1075,1866,1166],{"class":1085},[1075,1868,1869],{"class":1140},"std",[1075,1871,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1873,1874],{"class":1127},"rand",[1075,1876,1172],{"class":1085},[1075,1878,1879],{"class":1109}," \u002F\u002F 产出 0~RAND_MAX 的随机数\n",[1075,1881,1882],{"class":1077,"line":1178},[1075,1883,1884],{"class":1109},"        \u002F\u002F （你可以用取模运算限制其范围）\n",[1075,1886,1887,1889,1891,1893,1895,1897,1899,1901,1903,1905],{"class":1077,"line":1209},[1075,1888,1673],{"class":1140},[1075,1890,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1892,1185],{"class":1652},[1075,1894,1188],{"class":1085},[1075,1896,1682],{"class":1652},[1075,1898,1188],{"class":1085},[1075,1900,1196],{"class":1140},[1075,1902,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1904,1201],{"class":1652},[1075,1906,1529],{"class":1085},[1075,1908,1909],{"class":1077,"line":1297},[1075,1910,1698],{"class":1085},[1075,1912,1913],{"class":1077,"line":1319},[1075,1914,1212],{"class":1085},[918,1916,1917,1918,1921],{},"由于种子和算法固定，故有可能该程序每次运行的结果是相同的。为了生成随机化的种子，习惯上将表示当前时间的值 ",[971,1919,1920],{},"std::time(nullptr)"," 作为种子：",[1066,1923,1925],{"className":1068,"code":1924,"language":1070,"meta":1071,"style":1071},"#include \u003Ciostream>\n#include \u003Ccstdlib>\n#include \u003Cctime> \u002F\u002F std::time 定义于此\nint main() {\n    std::srand(std::time(nullptr)); \u002F\u002F 以“当前时间”作为种子\n    for (int i{0}; i \u003C 10; i++) {\n        int val{std::rand()}; \u002F\u002F 产出 0~RAND_MAX 的随机数\n        std::cout \u003C\u003C val \u003C\u003C std::endl;\n    }\n}\n",[971,1926,1927,1937,1947,1961,1971,1994,2024,2042,2064,2068],{"__ignoreMap":1071},[1075,1928,1929,1931,1933,1935],{"class":1077,"line":1078},[1075,1930,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1932,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1934,1090],{"class":1089},[1075,1936,1093],{"class":1085},[1075,1938,1939,1941,1943,1945],{"class":1077,"line":1096},[1075,1940,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1942,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1944,1796],{"class":1089},[1075,1946,1093],{"class":1085},[1075,1948,1949,1951,1953,1956,1958],{"class":1077,"line":1113},[1075,1950,1082],{"class":1081},[1075,1952,1086],{"class":1085},[1075,1954,1955],{"class":1089},"ctime",[1075,1957,1106],{"class":1085},[1075,1959,1960],{"class":1109}," \u002F\u002F std::time 定义于此\n",[1075,1962,1963,1965,1967,1969],{"class":1077,"line":1120},[1075,1964,1124],{"class":1123},[1075,1966,1128],{"class":1127},[1075,1968,1131],{"class":1085},[1075,1970,1134],{"class":1085},[1075,1972,1973,1975,1977,1979,1981,1983,1985,1988,1991],{"class":1077,"line":1137},[1075,1974,1141],{"class":1140},[1075,1976,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1978,1817],{"class":1127},[1075,1980,1310],{"class":1085},[1075,1982,1869],{"class":1140},[1075,1984,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,1986,1987],{"class":1127},"time",[1075,1989,1990],{"class":1085},"(nullptr));",[1075,1992,1993],{"class":1109}," \u002F\u002F 以“当前时间”作为种子\n",[1075,1995,1996,1998,2000,2002,2004,2006,2008,2010,2012,2014,2016,2018,2020,2022],{"class":1077,"line":1157},[1075,1997,1608],{"class":1081},[1075,1999,1611],{"class":1085},[1075,2001,1124],{"class":1123},[1075,2003,1616],{"class":1147},[1075,2005,1619],{"class":1444},[1075,2007,1622],{"class":1147},[1075,2009,1151],{"class":1085},[1075,2011,1627],{"class":1147},[1075,2013,1630],{"class":1085},[1075,2015,1633],{"class":1444},[1075,2017,1151],{"class":1085},[1075,2019,1638],{"class":1147},[1075,2021,1641],{"class":1085},[1075,2023,1134],{"class":1085},[1075,2025,2026,2028,2030,2032,2034,2036,2038,2040],{"class":1077,"line":1178},[1075,2027,1649],{"class":1123},[1075,2029,1653],{"class":1652},[1075,2031,1166],{"class":1085},[1075,2033,1869],{"class":1140},[1075,2035,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,2037,1874],{"class":1127},[1075,2039,1172],{"class":1085},[1075,2041,1879],{"class":1109},[1075,2043,2044,2046,2048,2050,2052,2054,2056,2058,2060,2062],{"class":1077,"line":1209},[1075,2045,1673],{"class":1140},[1075,2047,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,2049,1185],{"class":1652},[1075,2051,1188],{"class":1085},[1075,2053,1682],{"class":1652},[1075,2055,1188],{"class":1085},[1075,2057,1196],{"class":1140},[1075,2059,1144],{"class":1085},[1075,2061,1201],{"class":1652},[1075,2063,1529],{"class":1085},[1075,2065,2066],{"class":1077,"line":1297},[1075,2067,1698],{"class":1085},[1075,2069,2070],{"class":1077,"line":1319},[1075,2071,1212],{"class":1085},[2073,2074,2075],"style",{},"html 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