[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1700},["ShallowReactive",2],{"navigation":3,"\u002Fch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fimplicit_cast_in_inheritance":909,"\u002Fch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fimplicit_cast_in_inheritance-surround":1697},[4,36,56,96,230,270,414,457,508,583,649,685,767,864,900,904],{"title":5,"icon":6,"path":7,"stem":8,"children":9},"附录","i-lucide-bookmark","\u002Fappendix","appendix",[10,12,16,20,24,28,32],{"title":5,"path":7,"stem":11,"icon":6},"appendix\u002Findex",{"title":13,"path":14,"stem":15,"icon":6},"命令行界面","\u002Fappendix\u002Fcli","appendix\u002Fcli",{"title":17,"path":18,"stem":19,"icon":6},"代码风格","\u002Fappendix\u002Fcoding_style","appendix\u002Fcoding_style",{"title":21,"path":22,"stem":23,"icon":6},"关键字列表","\u002Fappendix\u002Fkeyword","appendix\u002Fkeyword",{"title":25,"path":26,"stem":27,"icon":6},"运算符优先级和结合方向","\u002Fappendix\u002Foperator","appendix\u002Foperator",{"title":29,"path":30,"stem":31,"icon":6},"预处理指令","\u002Fappendix\u002Fpreprocessor","appendix\u002Fpreprocessor",{"title":33,"path":34,"stem":35,"icon":6},"值类别","\u002Fappendix\u002Fvalue_category","appendix\u002Fvalue_category",{"title":37,"icon":38,"path":39,"stem":40,"children":41},"第〇章 基本概念","i-lucide-monitor","\u002Fch00","ch00",[42,44,48,52],{"title":37,"path":39,"stem":43,"icon":38},"ch00\u002Findex",{"title":45,"path":46,"stem":47,"icon":38},"计算机","\u002Fch00\u002Fcomputer","ch00\u002Fcomputer",{"title":49,"path":50,"stem":51,"icon":38},"编程","\u002Fch00\u002Fprogramming","ch00\u002Fprogramming",{"title":53,"path":54,"stem":55,"icon":38},"编程语言","\u002Fch00\u002Fprogramming_language","ch00\u002Fprogramming_language",{"title":57,"icon":58,"path":59,"stem":60,"children":61},"第一章 感性认识 C++ 程序","i-lucide-book-open","\u002Fch01","ch01",[62,64,68,72,76,80,84,88,92],{"title":57,"path":59,"stem":63,"icon":58},"ch01\u002Findex",{"title":65,"path":66,"stem":67,"icon":58},"赋值和分支","\u002Fch01\u002Fassignment_and_if","ch01\u002Fassignment_and_if",{"title":69,"path":70,"stem":71,"icon":58},"最麻烦的门槛","\u002Fch01\u002Fenvironment","ch01\u002Fenvironment",{"title":73,"path":74,"stem":75,"icon":58},"第一个 C++ 程序","\u002Fch01\u002Ffirst_program","ch01\u002Ffirst_program",{"title":77,"path":78,"stem":79,"icon":58},"输入","\u002Fch01\u002Finput","ch01\u002Finput",{"title":81,"path":82,"stem":83,"icon":58},"综合运用","\u002Fch01\u002Fintegrated_use","ch01\u002Fintegrated_use",{"title":85,"path":86,"stem":87,"icon":58},"循环","\u002Fch01\u002Floop","ch01\u002Floop",{"title":89,"path":90,"stem":91,"icon":58},"更多的输出","\u002Fch01\u002Fmore_output","ch01\u002Fmore_output",{"title":93,"path":94,"stem":95,"icon":58},"总结","\u002Fch01\u002Fsummary","ch01\u002Fsummary",{"title":97,"path":98,"stem":99,"children":100,"icon":102},"第二章 理性认识 C++ 程序","\u002Fch02","ch02\u002Findex",[101,103,149,188,227],{"title":97,"path":98,"stem":99,"icon":102},"i-lucide-code",{"title":104,"icon":105,"path":106,"stem":107,"children":108},"第 1 部分 数据成分","i-lucide-database","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart1","ch02\u002Fpart1\u002Findex",[109,110,114,118,122,126],{"title":104,"path":106,"stem":107,"icon":105},{"title":111,"path":112,"stem":113,"icon":105},"初识数组","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart1\u002Farray_glance","ch02\u002Fpart1\u002Farray_glance",{"title":115,"path":116,"stem":117,"icon":105},"常量","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart1\u002Fconstant","ch02\u002Fpart1\u002Fconstant",{"title":119,"path":120,"stem":121,"icon":105},"声明语句","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart1\u002Fdeclaration_statement","ch02\u002Fpart1\u002Fdeclaration_statement",{"title":123,"path":124,"stem":125,"icon":105},"只读变量","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart1\u002Freadonly_variable","ch02\u002Fpart1\u002Freadonly_variable",{"title":127,"icon":128,"path":129,"stem":130,"children":131},"类型系统","i-lucide-dna","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart1\u002Ftype_system","ch02\u002Fpart1\u002Ftype_system\u002Findex",[132,133,137,141,145],{"title":127,"path":129,"stem":130,"icon":128},{"title":134,"path":135,"stem":136,"icon":128},"布尔类型","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart1\u002Ftype_system\u002Fboolean_type","ch02\u002Fpart1\u002Ftype_system\u002Fboolean_type",{"title":138,"path":139,"stem":140,"icon":128},"字符类型","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart1\u002Ftype_system\u002Fcharacter_type","ch02\u002Fpart1\u002Ftype_system\u002Fcharacter_type",{"title":142,"path":143,"stem":144,"icon":128},"浮点类型","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart1\u002Ftype_system\u002Ffloat_type","ch02\u002Fpart1\u002Ftype_system\u002Ffloat_type",{"title":146,"path":147,"stem":148,"icon":128},"整型","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart1\u002Ftype_system\u002Finteger_type","ch02\u002Fpart1\u002Ftype_system\u002Finteger_type",{"title":150,"icon":151,"path":152,"stem":153,"children":154},"第 2 部分 运算成分","i-lucide-calculator","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart2","ch02\u002Fpart2\u002Findex",[155,156,160,164,168,172,176,180,184],{"title":150,"path":152,"stem":153,"icon":151},{"title":157,"path":158,"stem":159,"icon":151},"算术运算符","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart2\u002Farithmetic_operator","ch02\u002Fpart2\u002Farithmetic_operator",{"title":161,"path":162,"stem":163,"icon":151},"赋值运算符","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fassignment_operator","ch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fassignment_operator",{"title":165,"path":166,"stem":167,"icon":151},"位运算符（选读）","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fbit_operator","ch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fbit_operator",{"title":169,"path":170,"stem":171,"icon":151},"关系运算符","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fcomparison_operator","ch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fcomparison_operator",{"title":173,"path":174,"stem":175,"icon":151},"算术类型隐式转换","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fimplicit_conversion","ch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fimplicit_conversion",{"title":177,"path":178,"stem":179,"icon":151},"自增减运算符","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fincdec_operator","ch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fincdec_operator",{"title":181,"path":182,"stem":183,"icon":151},"逻辑运算符","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart2\u002Flogical_operator","ch02\u002Fpart2\u002Flogical_operator",{"title":185,"path":186,"stem":187,"icon":151},"其它常用运算符","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fother_operator","ch02\u002Fpart2\u002Fother_operator",{"title":189,"icon":190,"path":191,"stem":192,"children":193},"第 3 部分 控制成分","i-lucide-git-branch","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart3","ch02\u002Fpart3\u002Findex",[194,195,199,203,207,211,215,219,223],{"title":189,"path":191,"stem":192,"icon":190},{"title":196,"path":197,"stem":198,"icon":190},"复合语句","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fcompound_statement","ch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fcompound_statement",{"title":200,"path":201,"stem":202,"icon":190},"for 语句","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart3\u002Ffor_statement","ch02\u002Fpart3\u002Ffor_statement",{"title":204,"path":205,"stem":206,"icon":190},"if 语句","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fif_statement","ch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fif_statement",{"title":208,"path":209,"stem":210,"icon":190},"跳转语句","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fjump_statement","ch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fjump_statement",{"title":212,"path":213,"stem":214,"icon":190},"空语句","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fnull_statement","ch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fnull_statement",{"title":216,"path":217,"stem":218,"icon":190},"作用域","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fscope","ch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fscope",{"title":220,"path":221,"stem":222,"icon":190},"switch 语句","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fswitch_statement","ch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fswitch_statement",{"title":224,"path":225,"stem":226,"icon":190},"while 语句","\u002Fch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fwhile_statement","ch02\u002Fpart3\u002Fwhile_statement",{"title":93,"path":228,"stem":229,"icon":102},"\u002Fch02\u002Fsummary","ch02\u002Fsummary",{"title":231,"icon":232,"path":233,"stem":234,"children":235},"第三章 过程式编程","i-lucide-function-square","\u002Fch03","ch03",[236,239,243,247,251,255,259,263,267],{"title":231,"path":233,"stem":237,"icon":238},"ch03\u002Findex","i-lucide-square-function",{"title":240,"path":241,"stem":242,"icon":232},"函数","\u002Fch03\u002Ffunction","ch03\u002Ffunction",{"title":244,"path":245,"stem":246,"icon":232},"函数的定义、声明和调用","\u002Fch03\u002Ffunction_definition","ch03\u002Ffunction_definition",{"title":248,"path":249,"stem":250,"icon":232},"函数的执行","\u002Fch03\u002Ffunction_execution","ch03\u002Ffunction_execution",{"title":252,"path":253,"stem":254,"icon":232},"初识函数","\u002Fch03\u002Ffunction_glance","ch03\u002Ffunction_glance",{"title":256,"path":257,"stem":258,"icon":232},"递归","\u002Fch03\u002Frecursion","ch03\u002Frecursion",{"title":260,"path":261,"stem":262,"icon":232},"重新认识 C++ 程序","\u002Fch03\u002Freview_cpp","ch03\u002Freview_cpp",{"title":264,"path":265,"stem":266,"icon":232},"再谈作用域","\u002Fch03\u002Fscope_again","ch03\u002Fscope_again",{"title":93,"path":268,"stem":269,"icon":232},"\u002Fch03\u002Fsummary","ch03\u002Fsummary",{"title":271,"icon":272,"path":273,"stem":274,"children":275},"第四章 POD 类型与结构","i-lucide-layers","\u002Fch04","ch04",[276,278,301,316,320,338,365,392,407,410],{"title":271,"path":273,"stem":277,"icon":272},"ch04\u002Findex",{"title":279,"icon":280,"path":281,"stem":282,"children":283},"数组","i-lucide-grid","\u002Fch04\u002Farray","ch04\u002Farray\u002Findex",[284,285,289,293,297],{"title":279,"path":281,"stem":282,"icon":280},{"title":286,"path":287,"stem":288,"icon":280},"二维数组","\u002Fch04\u002Farray\u002F2d_array","ch04\u002Farray\u002F2d_array",{"title":290,"path":291,"stem":292,"icon":280},"数组的定义和初始化","\u002Fch04\u002Farray\u002Farray_init","ch04\u002Farray\u002Farray_init",{"title":294,"path":295,"stem":296,"icon":280},"数组的用途","\u002Fch04\u002Farray\u002Farray_usage","ch04\u002Farray\u002Farray_usage",{"title":298,"path":299,"stem":300,"icon":280},"C 风格字符串","\u002Fch04\u002Farray\u002Fc_string","ch04\u002Farray\u002Fc_string",{"title":302,"icon":303,"path":304,"stem":305,"children":306},"迁移到 C 语言","i-lucide-arrow-right-left","\u002Fch04\u002Fcompare_with_c","ch04\u002Fcompare_with_c\u002Findex",[307,308,312],{"title":302,"path":304,"stem":305,"icon":303},{"title":309,"path":310,"stem":311,"icon":303},"需要注意的 C 特性","\u002Fch04\u002Fcompare_with_c\u002Fc_feature","ch04\u002Fcompare_with_c\u002Fc_feature",{"title":313,"path":314,"stem":315,"icon":303},"C 输入输出","\u002Fch04\u002Fcompare_with_c\u002Fc_io","ch04\u002Fcompare_with_c\u002Fc_io",{"title":317,"path":318,"stem":319,"icon":272},"枚举","\u002Fch04\u002Fenum","ch04\u002Fenum",{"title":321,"path":322,"stem":323,"children":324,"icon":326},"输入输出成分","\u002Fch04\u002Fio","ch04\u002Fio\u002Findex",[325,327,330,334],{"title":321,"path":322,"stem":323,"icon":326},"i-lucide-terminal",{"title":77,"path":328,"stem":329,"icon":326},"\u002Fch04\u002Fio\u002Finput","ch04\u002Fio\u002Finput",{"title":331,"path":332,"stem":333,"icon":326},"输入失败状态","\u002Fch04\u002Fio\u002Finput_fail","ch04\u002Fio\u002Finput_fail",{"title":335,"path":336,"stem":337,"icon":326},"输出","\u002Fch04\u002Fio\u002Foutput","ch04\u002Fio\u002Foutput",{"title":339,"icon":340,"path":341,"stem":342,"children":343},"链表","i-lucide-list","\u002Fch04\u002Flist","ch04\u002Flist\u002Findex",[344,345,349,353,357,361],{"title":339,"path":341,"stem":342,"icon":340},{"title":346,"path":347,"stem":348,"icon":340},"new[] 和 delete[]","\u002Fch04\u002Flist\u002Farr_new_del","ch04\u002Flist\u002Farr_new_del",{"title":350,"path":351,"stem":352,"icon":340},"链表的增删","\u002Fch04\u002Flist\u002Flist_add_del","ch04\u002Flist\u002Flist_add_del",{"title":354,"path":355,"stem":356,"icon":340},"链表的构建","\u002Fch04\u002Flist\u002Flist_construct","ch04\u002Flist\u002Flist_construct",{"title":358,"path":359,"stem":360,"icon":340},"安全性","\u002Fch04\u002Flist\u002Fsafety","ch04\u002Flist\u002Fsafety",{"title":362,"path":363,"stem":364,"icon":340},"存储期","\u002Fch04\u002Flist\u002Fstorage_duration","ch04\u002Flist\u002Fstorage_duration",{"title":366,"path":367,"stem":368,"children":369,"icon":371},"指针","\u002Fch04\u002Fpointer","ch04\u002Fpointer\u002Findex",[370,372,376,380,384,388],{"title":366,"path":367,"stem":368,"icon":371},"i-lucide-dot",{"title":373,"path":374,"stem":375,"icon":371},"何为指针","\u002Fch04\u002Fpointer\u002Fpointer","ch04\u002Fpointer\u002Fpointer",{"title":377,"path":378,"stem":379,"icon":371},"指针和数组","\u002Fch04\u002Fpointer\u002Fpointer_and_array","ch04\u002Fpointer\u002Fpointer_and_array",{"title":381,"path":382,"stem":383,"icon":371},"指针的定义 Ⅰ","\u002Fch04\u002Fpointer\u002Fpointer_def","ch04\u002Fpointer\u002Fpointer_def",{"title":385,"path":386,"stem":387,"icon":371},"指针的定义 Ⅱ","\u002Fch04\u002Fpointer\u002Fpointer_def_2","ch04\u002Fpointer\u002Fpointer_def_2",{"title":389,"path":390,"stem":391,"icon":371},"指针的简单使用","\u002Fch04\u002Fpointer\u002Fpointer_usage","ch04\u002Fpointer\u002Fpointer_usage",{"title":393,"path":394,"stem":395,"children":396,"icon":398},"结构体","\u002Fch04\u002Fstruct","ch04\u002Fstruct\u002Findex",[397,399,403],{"title":393,"path":394,"stem":395,"icon":398},"i-lucide-box",{"title":400,"path":401,"stem":402,"icon":398},"结构体的定义","\u002Fch04\u002Fstruct\u002Fstruct_def","ch04\u002Fstruct\u002Fstruct_def",{"title":404,"path":405,"stem":406,"icon":398},"结构体的使用","\u002Fch04\u002Fstruct\u002Fstruct_usage","ch04\u002Fstruct\u002Fstruct_usage",{"title":93,"path":408,"stem":409,"icon":272},"\u002Fch04\u002Fsummary","ch04\u002Fsummary",{"title":411,"path":412,"stem":413,"icon":272},"联合体","\u002Fch04\u002Funion","ch04\u002Funion",{"title":415,"icon":416,"path":417,"stem":418,"children":419},"第五章 初探面向对象","i-lucide-copy","\u002Fch05","ch05",[420,422,426,430,434,438,442,446,450,454],{"title":415,"path":417,"stem":421,"icon":416},"ch05\u002Findex",{"title":423,"path":424,"stem":425,"icon":416},"构造函数","\u002Fch05\u002Fconstructor","ch05\u002Fconstructor",{"title":427,"path":428,"stem":429,"icon":416},"复制构造函数","\u002Fch05\u002Fcopy_constructor","ch05\u002Fcopy_constructor",{"title":431,"path":432,"stem":433,"icon":416},"预置构造函数","\u002Fch05\u002Fdefaulted_constructor","ch05\u002Fdefaulted_constructor",{"title":435,"path":436,"stem":437,"icon":416},"例子：简单的字符串","\u002Fch05\u002Feasy_string","ch05\u002Feasy_string",{"title":439,"path":440,"stem":441,"icon":416},"收尾工作","\u002Fch05\u002Fmisc","ch05\u002Fmisc",{"title":443,"path":444,"stem":445,"icon":416},"重载","\u002Fch05\u002Foverload","ch05\u002Foverload",{"title":447,"path":448,"stem":449,"icon":416},"引用","\u002Fch05\u002Freference","ch05\u002Freference",{"title":451,"path":452,"stem":453,"icon":416},"浅复制与深复制","\u002Fch05\u002Fshallow_deep_copy","ch05\u002Fshallow_deep_copy",{"title":93,"path":455,"stem":456,"icon":416},"\u002Fch05\u002Fsummary","ch05\u002Fsummary",{"title":458,"icon":459,"path":460,"stem":461,"children":462},"第六章 运算符重载","i-lucide-component","\u002Fch06","ch06",[463,465,469,473,477,481,485,489,493,497,501,504],{"title":458,"path":460,"stem":464,"icon":459},"ch06\u002Findex",{"title":466,"path":467,"stem":468,"icon":459},"赋值运算符重载","\u002Fch06\u002Fassignment_overload","ch06\u002Fassignment_overload",{"title":470,"path":471,"stem":472,"icon":459},"赋值与初始化","\u002Fch06\u002Fassignment_vs_construct","ch06\u002Fassignment_vs_construct",{"title":474,"path":475,"stem":476,"icon":459},"类型转换重载","\u002Fch06\u002Fcast_overload","ch06\u002Fcast_overload",{"title":478,"path":479,"stem":480,"icon":459},"只读成员函数","\u002Fch06\u002Fconst_member_function","ch06\u002Fconst_member_function",{"title":482,"path":483,"stem":484,"icon":459},"友元","\u002Fch06\u002Ffriend","ch06\u002Ffriend",{"title":486,"path":487,"stem":488,"icon":459},"类外定义成员函数","\u002Fch06\u002Fnoninline_member_function","ch06\u002Fnoninline_member_function",{"title":490,"path":491,"stem":492,"icon":459},"非成员的运算符重载","\u002Fch06\u002Fnonmember_operator","ch06\u002Fnonmember_operator",{"title":494,"path":495,"stem":496,"icon":459},"特殊运算符重载","\u002Fch06\u002Fspecial_operator_overload","ch06\u002Fspecial_operator_overload",{"title":498,"path":499,"stem":500,"icon":459},"静态成员","\u002Fch06\u002Fstatic_member","ch06\u002Fstatic_member",{"title":93,"path":502,"stem":503,"icon":459},"\u002Fch06\u002Fsummary","ch06\u002Fsummary",{"title":505,"path":506,"stem":507,"icon":459},"`this` 指针","\u002Fch06\u002Fthis","ch06\u002Fthis",{"title":509,"path":510,"stem":511,"children":512,"icon":190},"第七章 继承与多态","\u002Fch07","ch07\u002Findex",[513,514,541,545,549,580],{"title":509,"path":510,"stem":511,"icon":190},{"title":515,"icon":516,"path":517,"stem":518,"children":519},"继承关系","i-lucide-share","\u002Fch07\u002Finheritance","ch07\u002Finheritance\u002Findex",[520,521,525,529,533,537],{"title":515,"path":517,"stem":518,"icon":516},{"title":522,"path":523,"stem":524,"icon":516},"关于成员名","\u002Fch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fabout_member_name","ch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fabout_member_name",{"title":526,"path":527,"stem":528,"icon":516},"派生类的构造","\u002Fch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fderived_constructor","ch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fderived_constructor",{"title":530,"path":531,"stem":532,"icon":516},"继承中的隐式转换","\u002Fch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fimplicit_cast_in_inheritance","ch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fimplicit_cast_in_inheritance",{"title":534,"path":535,"stem":536,"icon":516},"其它小问题","\u002Fch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fmisc","ch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fmisc",{"title":538,"path":539,"stem":540,"icon":516},"保护成员","\u002Fch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fprotected_member","ch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fprotected_member",{"title":542,"path":543,"stem":544,"icon":190},"多重继承","\u002Fch07\u002Fmi","ch07\u002Fmi",{"title":546,"path":547,"stem":548,"icon":190},"简单的对象关系","\u002Fch07\u002Fobject_relationships","ch07\u002Fobject_relationships",{"title":550,"icon":551,"path":552,"stem":553,"children":554},"多态","i-lucide-refresh","\u002Fch07\u002Fpolymorphism","ch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Findex",[555,556,560,564,568,572,576],{"title":550,"path":552,"stem":553,"icon":551},{"title":557,"path":558,"stem":559,"icon":551},"抽象类","\u002Fch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Fabstract_class","ch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Fabstract_class",{"title":561,"path":562,"stem":563,"icon":551},"C++ 风格类型转换","\u002Fch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Fcpp_cast","ch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Fcpp_cast",{"title":565,"path":566,"stem":567,"icon":551},"`override` 与 `final`","\u002Fch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Foverride_and_final","ch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Foverride_and_final",{"title":569,"path":570,"stem":571,"icon":551},"RTTI","\u002Fch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Frtti","ch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Frtti",{"title":573,"path":574,"stem":575,"icon":551},"虚析构函数","\u002Fch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Fvirtual_destructor","ch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Fvirtual_destructor",{"title":577,"path":578,"stem":579,"icon":551},"虚函数","\u002Fch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Fvirtual_function","ch07\u002Fpolymorphism\u002Fvirtual_function",{"title":93,"path":581,"stem":582,"icon":190},"\u002Fch07\u002Fsummary","ch07\u002Fsummary",{"title":584,"icon":585,"path":586,"stem":587,"children":588},"第八章 模板基础","i-lucide-layout-template","\u002Fch08","ch08",[589,591,595,599,603,607,646],{"title":584,"path":586,"stem":590,"icon":585},"ch08\u002Findex",{"title":592,"path":593,"stem":594,"icon":585},"类模板","\u002Fch08\u002Fclass_template","ch08\u002Fclass_template",{"title":596,"path":597,"stem":598,"icon":585},"默认实参","\u002Fch08\u002Fdefault_argument","ch08\u002Fdefault_argument",{"title":600,"path":601,"stem":602,"icon":585},"函数模板","\u002Fch08\u002Ffunction_template","ch08\u002Ffunction_template",{"title":604,"path":605,"stem":606,"icon":585},"非类型模板参数","\u002Fch08\u002Fnontype_template_param","ch08\u002Fnontype_template_param",{"title":608,"icon":609,"path":610,"stem":611,"children":612},"STL 容器和迭代器","i-lucide-container","\u002Fch08\u002Fstl_containers","ch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Findex",[613,614,618,622,626,630,634,638,642],{"title":608,"path":610,"stem":611,"icon":609},{"title":615,"path":616,"stem":617,"icon":609},"容器适配器","\u002Fch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fadaptors","ch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fadaptors",{"title":619,"path":620,"stem":621,"icon":609},"迭代器的概念","\u002Fch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fiterator_concept","ch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fiterator_concept",{"title":623,"path":624,"stem":625,"icon":609},"初识迭代器","\u002Fch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fiterator_glance","ch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fiterator_glance",{"title":627,"path":628,"stem":629,"icon":609},"迭代器的用途","\u002Fch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fiterator_usage","ch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fiterator_usage",{"title":631,"path":632,"stem":633,"icon":609},"`std::map`","\u002Fch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fmap","ch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fmap",{"title":635,"path":636,"stem":637,"icon":609},"其它顺序容器","\u002Fch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fother_sequence","ch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fother_sequence",{"title":639,"path":640,"stem":641,"icon":609},"`std::set`","\u002Fch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fset","ch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fset",{"title":643,"path":644,"stem":645,"icon":609},"`std::vector`","\u002Fch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fvector","ch08\u002Fstl_containers\u002Fvector",{"title":93,"path":647,"stem":648,"icon":585},"\u002Fch08\u002Fsummary","ch08\u002Fsummary",{"title":650,"icon":651,"path":652,"stem":653,"children":654},"第九章 链接","i-lucide-link","\u002Fch09","ch09",[655,657,661,665,669,673,677,681],{"title":650,"path":652,"stem":656,"icon":651},"ch09\u002Findex",{"title":658,"path":659,"stem":660,"icon":651},"C 中的链接","\u002Fch09\u002Fc_linking","ch09\u002Fc_linking",{"title":662,"path":663,"stem":664,"icon":651},"多文件编译实践","\u002Fch09\u002Fcompile_multiple_files","ch09\u002Fcompile_multiple_files",{"title":666,"path":667,"stem":668,"icon":651},"模板中的友元","\u002Fch09\u002Ffriend_in_template","ch09\u002Ffriend_in_template",{"title":670,"path":671,"stem":672,"icon":651},"内联","\u002Fch09\u002Finline","ch09\u002Finline",{"title":674,"path":675,"stem":676,"icon":651},"单一定义原则","\u002Fch09\u002Fodr","ch09\u002Fodr",{"title":678,"path":679,"stem":680,"icon":651},"符号和连接","\u002Fch09\u002Fsymbol_and_linkage","ch09\u002Fsymbol_and_linkage",{"title":682,"path":683,"stem":684,"icon":651},"模板的链接","\u002Fch09\u002Ftemplate_linking","ch09\u002Ftemplate_linking",{"title":686,"icon":687,"path":688,"stem":689,"children":690},"第十章 常用库介绍 \u003CBadge type=\"warning\" text=\"TBC\" \u002F>","i-lucide-hard-drive","\u002Fch10","ch10",[691,694,717,732,736,740],{"title":692,"path":688,"stem":693,"icon":687},"第十章 常用库介绍","ch10\u002Findex",{"title":695,"icon":696,"path":697,"stem":698,"children":699},"代数数据类型","i-lucide-shapes","\u002Fch10\u002Fadt","ch10\u002Fadt\u002Findex",[700,701,705,709,713],{"title":695,"path":697,"stem":698,"icon":696},{"title":702,"path":703,"stem":704,"icon":696},"顶类型 `std::any`","\u002Fch10\u002Fadt\u002Fany","ch10\u002Fadt\u002Fany",{"title":706,"path":707,"stem":708,"icon":696},"底类型","\u002Fch10\u002Fadt\u002Fnoreturn","ch10\u002Fadt\u002Fnoreturn",{"title":710,"path":711,"stem":712,"icon":696},"通用积类型 `std::tuple`","\u002Fch10\u002Fadt\u002Ftuple","ch10\u002Fadt\u002Ftuple",{"title":714,"path":715,"stem":716,"icon":696},"通用和类型 `std::variant`","\u002Fch10\u002Fadt\u002Fvariant","ch10\u002Fadt\u002Fvariant",{"title":718,"icon":719,"path":720,"stem":721,"children":722},"文件读写","i-lucide-file-text","\u002Fch10\u002Ffile_io","ch10\u002Ffile_io\u002Findex",[723,724,728],{"title":718,"path":720,"stem":721,"icon":719},{"title":725,"path":726,"stem":727,"icon":719},"C 风格输入输出","\u002Fch10\u002Ffile_io\u002Fc_io","ch10\u002Ffile_io\u002Fc_io",{"title":729,"path":730,"stem":731,"icon":719},"流式输入输出","\u002Fch10\u002Ffile_io\u002Fstream","ch10\u002Ffile_io\u002Fstream",{"title":733,"path":734,"stem":735,"icon":687},"文件系统","\u002Fch10\u002Ffilesystem","ch10\u002Ffilesystem",{"title":737,"path":738,"stem":739,"icon":687},"伪随机数生成","\u002Fch10\u002Frandom","ch10\u002Frandom",{"title":741,"path":742,"stem":743,"children":744,"icon":746},"移动语义与智能指针","\u002Fch10\u002Fsmart_pointer","ch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Findex",[745,747,751,755,759,763],{"title":741,"path":742,"stem":743,"icon":746},"i-lucide-pointer",{"title":748,"path":749,"stem":750,"icon":746},"`std::move` 与转发引用","\u002Fch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Fmove_and_forward","ch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Fmove_and_forward",{"title":752,"path":753,"stem":754,"icon":746},"所有权","\u002Fch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Fownership","ch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Fownership",{"title":756,"path":757,"stem":758,"icon":746},"右值引用","\u002Fch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Frvalue_reference","ch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Frvalue_reference",{"title":760,"path":761,"stem":762,"icon":746},"`std::shared_ptr`","\u002Fch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Fshared_ptr","ch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Fshared_ptr",{"title":764,"path":765,"stem":766,"icon":746},"特殊成员函数","\u002Fch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Fspecial_member_function","ch10\u002Fsmart_pointer\u002Fspecial_member_function",{"title":768,"icon":769,"path":770,"stem":771,"children":772},"第十一章 函数式编程","i-lucide-sparkles","\u002Fch11","ch11",[773,775,794,821,825],{"title":768,"path":770,"stem":774,"icon":769},"ch11\u002Findex",{"title":776,"icon":777,"path":778,"stem":779,"children":780},"语法进阶","i-lucide-graduation-cap","\u002Fch11\u002Fadvanced","ch11\u002Fadvanced\u002Findex",[781,782,786,790],{"title":776,"path":778,"stem":779,"icon":777},{"title":783,"path":784,"stem":785,"icon":777},"实参依赖查找","\u002Fch11\u002Fadvanced\u002Fadl","ch11\u002Fadvanced\u002Fadl",{"title":787,"path":788,"stem":789,"icon":777},"可调用","\u002Fch11\u002Fadvanced\u002Fcallable","ch11\u002Fadvanced\u002Fcallable",{"title":791,"path":792,"stem":793,"icon":777},"预置比较","\u002Fch11\u002Fadvanced\u002Fdefaulted_compare","ch11\u002Fadvanced\u002Fdefaulted_compare",{"title":795,"icon":796,"path":797,"stem":798,"children":799},"语法基础","i-lucide-book-text","\u002Fch11\u002Fgrammar","ch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Findex",[800,801,805,809,813,817],{"title":795,"path":797,"stem":798,"icon":796},{"title":802,"path":803,"stem":804,"icon":796},"闭包","\u002Fch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Fclosure","ch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Fclosure",{"title":806,"path":807,"stem":808,"icon":796},"函数也即对象","\u002Fch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Ffunction_as_object","ch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Ffunction_as_object",{"title":810,"path":811,"stem":812,"icon":796},"高阶函数","\u002Fch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Fhigher_order_function","ch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Fhigher_order_function",{"title":814,"path":815,"stem":816,"icon":796},"Lambda 表达式","\u002Fch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Flambda","ch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Flambda",{"title":818,"path":819,"stem":820,"icon":796},"Lambda 表达式捕获","\u002Fch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Flambda_capture","ch11\u002Fgrammar\u002Flambda_capture",{"title":822,"path":823,"stem":824,"icon":769},"`std::sort`","\u002Fch11\u002Fstd_sort","ch11\u002Fstd_sort",{"title":826,"icon":827,"path":828,"stem":829,"children":830},"STL 算法","i-lucide-sort-asc","\u002Fch11\u002Fstl_algorithms","ch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Findex",[831,832,836,840,844,848,852,856,860],{"title":826,"path":828,"stem":829,"icon":827},{"title":833,"path":834,"stem":835,"icon":827},"迁移到 STLv1","\u002Fch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Fcompare_with_legacy","ch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Fcompare_with_legacy",{"title":837,"path":838,"stem":839,"icon":827},"复制","\u002Fch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Fcopy","ch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Fcopy",{"title":841,"path":842,"stem":843,"icon":827},"筛选","\u002Fch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Ffilter","ch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Ffilter",{"title":845,"path":846,"stem":847,"icon":827},"其它算法","\u002Fch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Fothers","ch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Fothers",{"title":849,"path":850,"stem":851,"icon":827},"初识范围","\u002Fch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Frange","ch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Frange",{"title":853,"path":854,"stem":855,"icon":827},"归约","\u002Fch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Freduce","ch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Freduce",{"title":857,"path":858,"stem":859,"icon":827},"排序","\u002Fch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Fsort","ch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Fsort",{"title":861,"path":862,"stem":863,"icon":827},"变换","\u002Fch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Ftransform","ch11\u002Fstl_algorithms\u002Ftransform",{"title":865,"icon":866,"path":867,"stem":868,"children":869},"第十二章 模板","i-lucide-git-fork","\u002Fch12","ch12",[870,873,877,881,885],{"title":871,"path":867,"stem":872,"icon":866},"第十二章 模板进阶","ch12\u002Findex",{"title":874,"path":875,"stem":876},"C++20 概念","\u002Fch12\u002Fconcepts","ch12\u002Fconcepts",{"title":878,"path":879,"stem":880},"模板元编程","\u002Fch12\u002Fmetaprogramming","ch12\u002Fmetaprogramming",{"title":882,"path":883,"stem":884},"模板特化与偏特化","\u002Fch12\u002Fspecialization","ch12\u002Fspecialization",{"title":886,"icon":887,"path":888,"stem":889,"children":890},"静态派发","i-lucide-route","\u002Fch12\u002Fstatic_dispatch","ch12\u002Fstatic_dispatch\u002Findex",[891,892,896],{"title":886,"path":888,"stem":889},{"title":893,"path":894,"stem":895},"定制点","\u002Fch12\u002Fstatic_dispatch\u002Fcustomize_point","ch12\u002Fstatic_dispatch\u002Fcustomize_point",{"title":897,"path":898,"stem":899},"类型擦除","\u002Fch12\u002Fstatic_dispatch\u002Ftype_erasure","ch12\u002Fstatic_dispatch\u002Ftype_erasure",{"title":901,"path":902,"stem":903,"icon":6},"后记","\u002Fpostscript","postscript",{"title":905,"path":906,"stem":907,"icon":908},"技术信息","\u002Ftechnical_info","technical_info","i-lucide-info",{"id":910,"title":530,"body":911,"description":920,"extension":1691,"links":1692,"meta":1693,"navigation":1694,"path":531,"seo":1695,"stem":532,"__hash__":1696},"docs\u002Fch07\u002Finheritance\u002Fimplicit_cast_in_inheritance.md",{"type":912,"value":913,"toc":1685},"minimark",[914,917,921,925,928,945,948,1110,1113,1116,1218,1221,1338,1343,1346,1349,1476,1484,1488,1491,1504,1507,1674,1681],[915,916,530],"h1",{"id":530},[918,919,920],"p",{},"类的继承带来了许多隐式转换的可能。它们有的很直接，有的比较间接，有的稍不留意可能引发问题。",[922,923,924],"h2",{"id":924},"派生类到基类",[918,926,927],{},"一个公开继承的派生类对象可以“隐式转换”到其基类。",[929,930,931,934,942],"blockquote",{},[918,932,933],{},"这里的“隐式转换”打上引号是因为，从派生类类型到基类类型这一过程并不是真正意义上的隐式转换。标准的说法是，在函数重载时（包括构造函数、赋值运算符等），如果实参为派生类，但期望形参为公开继承这个派生类的基类（正式而言，两个类型“引用兼容”（reference-compatible）），那么将把这个派生类的基类部分当做基类，然后调用这个重载。",[918,935,936,937,941],{},"正因为从派生类到基类的“转换”并不是隐式转换，所以定义从派生类到基类的转换函数（如 ",[938,939,940],"code",{},"Derived::operator Base()","）是无效的，也不存在所谓的“隐式转换函数”。但凡尝试应用从派生类构造基类的场合会调用基类的复制构造（相当于从基类构造基类），尝试将派生类赋值到基类会调用基类的复制赋值重载。",[918,943,944],{},"（感谢知乎网友 @d41d8c 对此部分内容的补充。）",[918,946,947],{},"应用这个“隐式转换”的场合如下：",[949,950,955],"pre",{"className":951,"code":952,"language":953,"meta":954,"style":954},"language-cpp shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","class Base { };\nclass Derived : public Base { };\nvoid f(Base b) { }\nint main() {\n    Derived d;\n    Base b{d}; \u002F\u002F 从派生类构造基类\n    b = d;     \u002F\u002F 将派生类赋值给基类\n    f(d);      \u002F\u002F 基类形参、派生类实参\n}\n","cpp","",[938,956,957,977,997,1025,1040,1050,1070,1088,1104],{"__ignoreMap":954},[958,959,962,966,970,974],"span",{"class":960,"line":961},"line",1,[958,963,965],{"class":964},"spNyl","class",[958,967,969],{"class":968},"sBMFI"," Base",[958,971,973],{"class":972},"sMK4o"," {",[958,975,976],{"class":972}," };\n",[958,978,980,982,985,988,991,993,995],{"class":960,"line":979},2,[958,981,965],{"class":964},[958,983,984],{"class":968}," Derived",[958,986,987],{"class":972}," :",[958,989,990],{"class":964}," public",[958,992,969],{"class":968},[958,994,973],{"class":972},[958,996,976],{"class":972},[958,998,1000,1003,1007,1010,1013,1017,1020,1022],{"class":960,"line":999},3,[958,1001,1002],{"class":964},"void",[958,1004,1006],{"class":1005},"s2Zo4"," f",[958,1008,1009],{"class":972},"(",[958,1011,1012],{"class":968},"Base",[958,1014,1016],{"class":1015},"sHdIc"," b",[958,1018,1019],{"class":972},")",[958,1021,973],{"class":972},[958,1023,1024],{"class":972}," }\n",[958,1026,1028,1031,1034,1037],{"class":960,"line":1027},4,[958,1029,1030],{"class":964},"int",[958,1032,1033],{"class":1005}," main",[958,1035,1036],{"class":972},"()",[958,1038,1039],{"class":972}," {\n",[958,1041,1043,1047],{"class":960,"line":1042},5,[958,1044,1046],{"class":1045},"sTEyZ","    Derived d",[958,1048,1049],{"class":972},";\n",[958,1051,1053,1056,1059,1063,1066],{"class":960,"line":1052},6,[958,1054,1055],{"class":1045},"    Base b",[958,1057,1058],{"class":972},"{",[958,1060,1062],{"class":1061},"swJcz","d",[958,1064,1065],{"class":972},"};",[958,1067,1069],{"class":1068},"sHwdD"," \u002F\u002F 从派生类构造基类\n",[958,1071,1073,1076,1079,1082,1085],{"class":960,"line":1072},7,[958,1074,1075],{"class":1045},"    b ",[958,1077,1078],{"class":972},"=",[958,1080,1081],{"class":1045}," d",[958,1083,1084],{"class":972},";",[958,1086,1087],{"class":1068},"     \u002F\u002F 将派生类赋值给基类\n",[958,1089,1091,1094,1096,1098,1101],{"class":960,"line":1090},8,[958,1092,1093],{"class":1005},"    f",[958,1095,1009],{"class":972},[958,1097,1062],{"class":1045},[958,1099,1100],{"class":972},");",[958,1102,1103],{"class":1068},"      \u002F\u002F 基类形参、派生类实参\n",[958,1105,1107],{"class":960,"line":1106},9,[958,1108,1109],{"class":972},"}\n",[922,1111,1112],{"id":1112},"基类引用绑定到派生类上",[918,1114,1115],{},"类似地，若派生类公开继承自基类，则基类引用可绑定到派生类对象上：",[949,1117,1119],{"className":951,"code":1118,"language":953,"meta":954,"style":954},"class Base { };\nclass Derived : public Base { };\nvoid f(Base& b) { }\nint main() {\n    Derived d;\n    const Base& refb{d};\n    f(d);\n}\n",[938,1120,1121,1131,1147,1168,1178,1184,1203,1214],{"__ignoreMap":954},[958,1122,1123,1125,1127,1129],{"class":960,"line":961},[958,1124,965],{"class":964},[958,1126,969],{"class":968},[958,1128,973],{"class":972},[958,1130,976],{"class":972},[958,1132,1133,1135,1137,1139,1141,1143,1145],{"class":960,"line":979},[958,1134,965],{"class":964},[958,1136,984],{"class":968},[958,1138,987],{"class":972},[958,1140,990],{"class":964},[958,1142,969],{"class":968},[958,1144,973],{"class":972},[958,1146,976],{"class":972},[958,1148,1149,1151,1153,1155,1157,1160,1162,1164,1166],{"class":960,"line":999},[958,1150,1002],{"class":964},[958,1152,1006],{"class":1005},[958,1154,1009],{"class":972},[958,1156,1012],{"class":968},[958,1158,1159],{"class":964},"&",[958,1161,1016],{"class":1015},[958,1163,1019],{"class":972},[958,1165,973],{"class":972},[958,1167,1024],{"class":972},[958,1169,1170,1172,1174,1176],{"class":960,"line":1027},[958,1171,1030],{"class":964},[958,1173,1033],{"class":1005},[958,1175,1036],{"class":972},[958,1177,1039],{"class":972},[958,1179,1180,1182],{"class":960,"line":1042},[958,1181,1046],{"class":1045},[958,1183,1049],{"class":972},[958,1185,1186,1189,1191,1193,1196,1198,1200],{"class":960,"line":1052},[958,1187,1188],{"class":964},"    const",[958,1190,969],{"class":1045},[958,1192,1159],{"class":972},[958,1194,1195],{"class":1045}," refb",[958,1197,1058],{"class":972},[958,1199,1062],{"class":1061},[958,1201,1202],{"class":972},"};\n",[958,1204,1205,1207,1209,1211],{"class":960,"line":1072},[958,1206,1093],{"class":1005},[958,1208,1009],{"class":972},[958,1210,1062],{"class":1045},[958,1212,1213],{"class":972},");\n",[958,1215,1216],{"class":960,"line":1090},[958,1217,1109],{"class":972},[918,1219,1220],{},"当然，即便这个引用绑定到了派生类，但它仍然只能访问基类的成员数据和成员函数。",[949,1222,1224],{"className":951,"code":1223,"language":953,"meta":954,"style":954},"struct Base {\n    int baseMem;\n};\nstruct Derived : public Base {\n    int derivedMem;\n};\nint main() {\n    Derived d;\n    Base& b{d};\n    b.baseMem;    \u002F\u002F OK\n\u002F\u002F  b.derivedMem; \u002F\u002F 错误，即便它原本是派生类的\n}\n",[938,1225,1226,1235,1245,1249,1263,1272,1276,1286,1292,1307,1324,1333],{"__ignoreMap":954},[958,1227,1228,1231,1233],{"class":960,"line":961},[958,1229,1230],{"class":964},"struct",[958,1232,969],{"class":968},[958,1234,1039],{"class":972},[958,1236,1237,1240,1243],{"class":960,"line":979},[958,1238,1239],{"class":964},"    int",[958,1241,1242],{"class":1061}," baseMem",[958,1244,1049],{"class":972},[958,1246,1247],{"class":960,"line":999},[958,1248,1202],{"class":972},[958,1250,1251,1253,1255,1257,1259,1261],{"class":960,"line":1027},[958,1252,1230],{"class":964},[958,1254,984],{"class":968},[958,1256,987],{"class":972},[958,1258,990],{"class":964},[958,1260,969],{"class":968},[958,1262,1039],{"class":972},[958,1264,1265,1267,1270],{"class":960,"line":1042},[958,1266,1239],{"class":964},[958,1268,1269],{"class":1061}," derivedMem",[958,1271,1049],{"class":972},[958,1273,1274],{"class":960,"line":1052},[958,1275,1202],{"class":972},[958,1277,1278,1280,1282,1284],{"class":960,"line":1072},[958,1279,1030],{"class":964},[958,1281,1033],{"class":1005},[958,1283,1036],{"class":972},[958,1285,1039],{"class":972},[958,1287,1288,1290],{"class":960,"line":1090},[958,1289,1046],{"class":1045},[958,1291,1049],{"class":972},[958,1293,1294,1297,1299,1301,1303,1305],{"class":960,"line":1106},[958,1295,1296],{"class":1045},"    Base",[958,1298,1159],{"class":972},[958,1300,1016],{"class":1045},[958,1302,1058],{"class":972},[958,1304,1062],{"class":1061},[958,1306,1202],{"class":972},[958,1308,1310,1313,1316,1319,1321],{"class":960,"line":1309},10,[958,1311,1312],{"class":1045},"    b",[958,1314,1315],{"class":972},".",[958,1317,1318],{"class":1045},"baseMem",[958,1320,1084],{"class":972},[958,1322,1323],{"class":1068},"    \u002F\u002F OK\n",[958,1325,1327,1330],{"class":960,"line":1326},11,[958,1328,1329],{"class":1068},"\u002F\u002F  b.derivedMem;",[958,1331,1332],{"class":1068}," \u002F\u002F 错误，即便它原本是派生类的\n",[958,1334,1336],{"class":960,"line":1335},12,[958,1337,1109],{"class":972},[929,1339,1340],{},[918,1341,1342],{},"引用不是常规的对象类型（你无法定义到“引用”的转换），所以这只能算是引用绑定的语法设定，并不是隐式转换。",[922,1344,1345],{"id":1345},"指针转换",[918,1347,1348],{},"唯一真正算得上是“隐式转换”的就是继承中的指针转换了。如果派生类公开继承自基类，则存在从指向派生类的指针到指向基类的指针的隐式转换。",[949,1350,1352],{"className":951,"code":1351,"language":953,"meta":954,"style":954},"class Base { };\nclass Derived : public Base { };\nvoid f(Base*);\nint main() {\n    Derived d;\n    Derived* ptrd{&d};\n    Base* b{ptrd}; \u002F\u002F 从 Derived* 类型隐式转换到 Base* 类型\n    b = ptrd;      \u002F\u002F 同上\n    f(ptrd);       \u002F\u002F 同上\n}\n",[938,1353,1354,1364,1380,1395,1405,1411,1428,1446,1459,1472],{"__ignoreMap":954},[958,1355,1356,1358,1360,1362],{"class":960,"line":961},[958,1357,965],{"class":964},[958,1359,969],{"class":968},[958,1361,973],{"class":972},[958,1363,976],{"class":972},[958,1365,1366,1368,1370,1372,1374,1376,1378],{"class":960,"line":979},[958,1367,965],{"class":964},[958,1369,984],{"class":968},[958,1371,987],{"class":972},[958,1373,990],{"class":964},[958,1375,969],{"class":968},[958,1377,973],{"class":972},[958,1379,976],{"class":972},[958,1381,1382,1384,1386,1388,1390,1393],{"class":960,"line":999},[958,1383,1002],{"class":964},[958,1385,1006],{"class":1005},[958,1387,1009],{"class":972},[958,1389,1012],{"class":968},[958,1391,1392],{"class":964},"*",[958,1394,1213],{"class":972},[958,1396,1397,1399,1401,1403],{"class":960,"line":1027},[958,1398,1030],{"class":964},[958,1400,1033],{"class":1005},[958,1402,1036],{"class":972},[958,1404,1039],{"class":972},[958,1406,1407,1409],{"class":960,"line":1042},[958,1408,1046],{"class":1045},[958,1410,1049],{"class":972},[958,1412,1413,1416,1418,1421,1424,1426],{"class":960,"line":1052},[958,1414,1415],{"class":1045},"    Derived",[958,1417,1392],{"class":972},[958,1419,1420],{"class":1045}," ptrd",[958,1422,1423],{"class":972},"{&",[958,1425,1062],{"class":1061},[958,1427,1202],{"class":972},[958,1429,1430,1432,1434,1436,1438,1441,1443],{"class":960,"line":1072},[958,1431,1296],{"class":1045},[958,1433,1392],{"class":972},[958,1435,1016],{"class":1045},[958,1437,1058],{"class":972},[958,1439,1440],{"class":1061},"ptrd",[958,1442,1065],{"class":972},[958,1444,1445],{"class":1068}," \u002F\u002F 从 Derived* 类型隐式转换到 Base* 类型\n",[958,1447,1448,1450,1452,1454,1456],{"class":960,"line":1090},[958,1449,1075],{"class":1045},[958,1451,1078],{"class":972},[958,1453,1420],{"class":1045},[958,1455,1084],{"class":972},[958,1457,1458],{"class":1068},"      \u002F\u002F 同上\n",[958,1460,1461,1463,1465,1467,1469],{"class":960,"line":1106},[958,1462,1093],{"class":1005},[958,1464,1009],{"class":972},[958,1466,1440],{"class":1045},[958,1468,1100],{"class":972},[958,1470,1471],{"class":1068},"       \u002F\u002F 同上\n",[958,1473,1474],{"class":960,"line":1309},[958,1475,1109],{"class":972},[918,1477,1478,1479,1483],{},"这种隐式转换又称为",[1480,1481,1482],"strong",{},"向上转型","（upcast）。",[922,1485,1487],{"id":1486},"反之","反之...？",[918,1489,1490],{},"刚才讨论了三种从派生类到基类的“转换”（对象本身、引用和指针），那么反过来是否可以呢？",[1492,1493,1494,1498,1501],"ul",{},[1495,1496,1497],"li",{},"不论显式或隐式，都不允许从基类对象转换到派生类对象（自己定义相关的转换函数除外）；",[1495,1499,1500],{},"允许显式地将基类对象（或引用）转换到派生类引用类型（这允许将派生类引用绑定到基类对象上）；",[1495,1502,1503],{},"允许显式地将指向基类的指针转换到指向派生类的指针。",[918,1505,1506],{},"其中后两种情况表明，在显式指出转换的情形下，允许进行从基类到派生类指针或引用的转换：",[949,1508,1510],{"className":951,"code":1509,"language":953,"meta":954,"style":954},"struct Base { };\nstruct Derived : public Base {\n    int derivedMem;\n};\nint main() {\n    Base b;\n    Base* ptrb{&b};\n    Derived& refd{(Derived&)b};    \u002F\u002F 显式地转换到 Derived& 类型\n    Derived* ptrd{(Derived*)ptrb}; \u002F\u002F 显式地转换到 Derived* 类型\n    \u002F\u002F 但是如果这个引用绑定或者指针指向的并不是真正的 Derived 类型对象，\n    \u002F\u002F 则访问 Derived 部分成员导致未定义行为：\n    refd.derivedMem;  \u002F\u002F 未定义行为：refd 没有真正绑定到 Derived 类型上\n    ptrd->derivedMem; \u002F\u002F 未定义行为：ptrd 没有真正指向 Derived 类型变量\n}\n",[938,1511,1512,1522,1536,1544,1548,1558,1564,1580,1605,1628,1633,1638,1653,1669],{"__ignoreMap":954},[958,1513,1514,1516,1518,1520],{"class":960,"line":961},[958,1515,1230],{"class":964},[958,1517,969],{"class":968},[958,1519,973],{"class":972},[958,1521,976],{"class":972},[958,1523,1524,1526,1528,1530,1532,1534],{"class":960,"line":979},[958,1525,1230],{"class":964},[958,1527,984],{"class":968},[958,1529,987],{"class":972},[958,1531,990],{"class":964},[958,1533,969],{"class":968},[958,1535,1039],{"class":972},[958,1537,1538,1540,1542],{"class":960,"line":999},[958,1539,1239],{"class":964},[958,1541,1269],{"class":1061},[958,1543,1049],{"class":972},[958,1545,1546],{"class":960,"line":1027},[958,1547,1202],{"class":972},[958,1549,1550,1552,1554,1556],{"class":960,"line":1042},[958,1551,1030],{"class":964},[958,1553,1033],{"class":1005},[958,1555,1036],{"class":972},[958,1557,1039],{"class":972},[958,1559,1560,1562],{"class":960,"line":1052},[958,1561,1055],{"class":1045},[958,1563,1049],{"class":972},[958,1565,1566,1568,1570,1573,1575,1578],{"class":960,"line":1072},[958,1567,1296],{"class":1045},[958,1569,1392],{"class":972},[958,1571,1572],{"class":1045}," ptrb",[958,1574,1423],{"class":972},[958,1576,1577],{"class":1061},"b",[958,1579,1202],{"class":972},[958,1581,1582,1584,1586,1589,1592,1595,1598,1600,1602],{"class":960,"line":1090},[958,1583,1415],{"class":1045},[958,1585,1159],{"class":972},[958,1587,1588],{"class":1045}," refd",[958,1590,1591],{"class":972},"{(",[958,1593,1594],{"class":1061},"Derived",[958,1596,1597],{"class":972},"&)",[958,1599,1577],{"class":1061},[958,1601,1065],{"class":972},[958,1603,1604],{"class":1068},"    \u002F\u002F 显式地转换到 Derived& 类型\n",[958,1606,1607,1609,1611,1613,1615,1617,1620,1623,1625],{"class":960,"line":1106},[958,1608,1415],{"class":1045},[958,1610,1392],{"class":972},[958,1612,1420],{"class":1045},[958,1614,1591],{"class":972},[958,1616,1594],{"class":1061},[958,1618,1619],{"class":972},"*)",[958,1621,1622],{"class":1061},"ptrb",[958,1624,1065],{"class":972},[958,1626,1627],{"class":1068}," \u002F\u002F 显式地转换到 Derived* 类型\n",[958,1629,1630],{"class":960,"line":1309},[958,1631,1632],{"class":1068},"    \u002F\u002F 但是如果这个引用绑定或者指针指向的并不是真正的 Derived 类型对象，\n",[958,1634,1635],{"class":960,"line":1326},[958,1636,1637],{"class":1068},"    \u002F\u002F 则访问 Derived 部分成员导致未定义行为：\n",[958,1639,1640,1643,1645,1648,1650],{"class":960,"line":1335},[958,1641,1642],{"class":1045},"    refd",[958,1644,1315],{"class":972},[958,1646,1647],{"class":1045},"derivedMem",[958,1649,1084],{"class":972},[958,1651,1652],{"class":1068},"  \u002F\u002F 未定义行为：refd 没有真正绑定到 Derived 类型上\n",[958,1654,1656,1659,1662,1664,1666],{"class":960,"line":1655},13,[958,1657,1658],{"class":1045},"    ptrd",[958,1660,1661],{"class":972},"->",[958,1663,1647],{"class":1045},[958,1665,1084],{"class":972},[958,1667,1668],{"class":1068}," \u002F\u002F 未定义行为：ptrd 没有真正指向 Derived 类型变量\n",[958,1670,1672],{"class":960,"line":1671},14,[958,1673,1109],{"class":972},[918,1675,1676,1677,1680],{},"这两种转换被称为",[1480,1678,1679],{},"向下转型","（downcast）。但正如代码中所述，向下转型容易导致未定义行为，严重时会发生内存泄漏等问题。所以我们认为：没有保护的向下转型是危险的。之后，我们将在多态一节讲解如何安全地进行向下转型。",[1682,1683,1684],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .spNyl, html code.shiki .spNyl{--shiki-light:#9C3EDA;--shiki-default:#C792EA;--shiki-dark:#C792EA}html pre.shiki code .sBMFI, html code.shiki .sBMFI{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#FFCB6B;--shiki-dark:#FFCB6B}html pre.shiki code .sMK4o, html code.shiki .sMK4o{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF}html pre.shiki code .s2Zo4, html code.shiki .s2Zo4{--shiki-light:#6182B8;--shiki-default:#82AAFF;--shiki-dark:#82AAFF}html pre.shiki code .sHdIc, html code.shiki .sHdIc{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#EEFFFF;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#BABED8;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}html pre.shiki code .sTEyZ, html code.shiki .sTEyZ{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#EEFFFF;--shiki-dark:#BABED8}html pre.shiki code .swJcz, html code.shiki .swJcz{--shiki-light:#E53935;--shiki-default:#F07178;--shiki-dark:#F07178}html pre.shiki code .sHwdD, html code.shiki .sHwdD{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#546E7A;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#676E95;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":954,"searchDepth":961,"depth":979,"links":1686},[1687,1688,1689,1690],{"id":924,"depth":979,"text":924},{"id":1112,"depth":979,"text":1112},{"id":1345,"depth":979,"text":1345},{"id":1486,"depth":979,"text":1487},"md",null,{},{"icon":516},{"title":530,"description":920},"0Sg-pgiy_4afdTIJC-t8TmaJJfLo4cR1vt6VTkPazq4",[1698,1699],{"title":526,"path":527,"stem":528,"description":526,"icon":516,"children":-1},{"title":534,"path":535,"stem":536,"description":534,"icon":516,"children":-1},1784618129522]