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首个元素的指针。然后，我们尝试",[926,1001,1003],{"className":928,"code":1002,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"int* q{p + 1};\n",[933,1004,1005],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,1006,1007,1009,1011,1014,1017,1021,1024,1027],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,1008,943],{"class":942},[936,1010,966],{"class":950},[936,1012,1013],{"class":946}," q",[936,1015,1016],{"class":950},"{",[936,1018,1020],{"class":1019},"swJcz","p ",[936,1022,1023],{"class":950},"+",[936,1025,1026],{"class":954}," 1",[936,1028,1029],{"class":950},"};\n",[922,1031,1032,1033,1036,1037,1039,1040,1043],{},"请问，这时 ",[933,1034,1035],{},"q"," 指向什么呢？答案是 ",[933,1038,1035],{}," 会指向 ",[933,1041,1042],{},"a[1]","。这个原理可以从下面图中得出：",[922,1045,1046],{},[1047,1048],"img",{"alt":931,"src":1049},"https:\u002F\u002Fs1.ax1x.com\u002F2020\u002F08\u002F15\u002FdkKe3V.png",[922,1051,1052,1053,1056,1057,1060,1061,1063,1064,1066,1067,1069,1070,1072,1073,1075],{},"当 ",[933,1054,1055],{},"p + 1"," 时，会自动向后移动一个 ",[933,1058,1059],{},"sizeof(int)"," 那么多：因为 ",[933,1062,922],{}," 拥有指向 ",[933,1065,943],{}," 的指针类型。同时，由于数组的元素是紧密、连续地存储的，所以当指向 ",[933,1068,989],{}," 的指针向后移动一个 ",[933,1071,1059],{}," 时，它恰好就指向了 ",[933,1074,1042],{},"。这就是指针加减法的用途了，基于此你也可以这样遍历：",[926,1077,1079],{"className":928,"code":1078,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"int* p{&a[0]};\nfor (int i{0}; i \u003C 5; i++) {\n    cout \u003C\u003C *(p + i) \u003C\u003C endl;\n}\n",[933,1080,1081,1099,1141,1171],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,1082,1083,1085,1087,1089,1091,1093,1095,1097],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,1084,943],{"class":942},[936,1086,966],{"class":950},[936,1088,969],{"class":946},[936,1090,972],{"class":950},[936,1092,975],{"class":946},[936,1094,951],{"class":950},[936,1096,980],{"class":954},[936,1098,983],{"class":950},[936,1100,1101,1105,1108,1110,1113,1115,1118,1121,1124,1127,1130,1132,1135,1138],{"class":938,"line":961},[936,1102,1104],{"class":1103},"s7zQu","for",[936,1106,1107],{"class":950}," (",[936,1109,943],{"class":942},[936,1111,1112],{"class":946}," i{",[936,1114,980],{"class":954},[936,1116,1117],{"class":946},"}",[936,1119,1120],{"class":950},";",[936,1122,1123],{"class":946}," i ",[936,1125,1126],{"class":950},"\u003C",[936,1128,1129],{"class":954}," 5",[936,1131,1120],{"class":950},[936,1133,1134],{"class":946}," i",[936,1136,1137],{"class":950},"++)",[936,1139,1140],{"class":950}," {\n",[936,1142,1144,1147,1150,1153,1155,1157,1159,1162,1165,1168],{"class":938,"line":1143},3,[936,1145,1146],{"class":1019},"    cout ",[936,1148,1149],{"class":950},"\u003C\u003C",[936,1151,1152],{"class":950}," *(",[936,1154,1020],{"class":1019},[936,1156,1023],{"class":950},[936,1158,1134],{"class":1019},[936,1160,1161],{"class":950},")",[936,1163,1164],{"class":950}," \u003C\u003C",[936,1166,1167],{"class":1019}," endl",[936,1169,1170],{"class":950},";\n",[936,1172,1174],{"class":938,"line":1173},4,[936,1175,1176],{"class":950},"}\n",[922,1178,1179,1180,1183,1184,1186,1187,1190],{},"其中，",[933,1181,1182],{},"*(p + i)"," 这个表达式就能获取到数组 ",[933,1185,975],{}," 的元素 ",[933,1188,1189],{},"a[i]","。",[918,1192,1193],{"id":1193},"数组到指针的转换",[922,1195,1196],{},"现在我们来看数组和指针最难的一块。刚才我们用了这样的初始化：",[926,1198,1200],{"className":928,"code":1199,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"int* p{&a[0]};\n",[933,1201,1202],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,1203,1204,1206,1208,1210,1212,1214,1216,1218],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,1205,943],{"class":942},[936,1207,966],{"class":950},[936,1209,969],{"class":946},[936,1211,972],{"class":950},[936,1213,975],{"class":946},[936,1215,951],{"class":950},[936,1217,980],{"class":954},[936,1219,983],{"class":950},[922,1221,1222],{},"然而这个过程可以简化为：",[926,1224,1226],{"className":928,"code":1225,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"int* p{a};\n",[933,1227,1228],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,1229,1230,1232,1234,1236,1238,1240],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,1231,943],{"class":942},[936,1233,966],{"class":950},[936,1235,969],{"class":946},[936,1237,1016],{"class":950},[936,1239,975],{"class":1019},[936,1241,1029],{"class":950},[922,1243,1244,1245,1249,1250,1252,1253,1256],{},"这是什么意思呢？就是",[1246,1247,1248],"strong",{},"数组可以隐式转换到指向其首元素的指针","。也就是，数组 ",[933,1251,975],{}," 可以转换为 ",[933,1254,1255],{},"&a[0]","。在各种期望指针的语境下，如果你放一个数组进去，那么 C++ 就会自动执行这个隐式转换。比如：",[926,1258,1260],{"className":928,"code":1259,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"int a[5]{};\ncout \u003C\u003C a \u003C\u003C endl;\n",[933,1261,1262,1274],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,1263,1264,1266,1268,1270,1272],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,1265,943],{"class":942},[936,1267,947],{"class":946},[936,1269,951],{"class":950},[936,1271,955],{"class":954},[936,1273,958],{"class":950},[936,1275,1276,1279,1281,1284,1286,1288],{"class":938,"line":961},[936,1277,1278],{"class":946},"cout ",[936,1280,1149],{"class":950},[936,1282,1283],{"class":946}," a ",[936,1285,1149],{"class":950},[936,1287,1167],{"class":946},[936,1289,1170],{"class":950},[922,1291,1292,1293,1296,1297,1300],{},"当你把数组放在 ",[933,1294,1295],{},"cout \u003C\u003C"," 后面时，因为 ",[933,1298,1299],{},"cout"," 不能输出一个数组，但能输出一个指针的值，所以会发生数组到指针的转换。此时，输出的结果就是一个地址：",[1302,1303,1304],"io-block",{},[922,1305,1306],{},"0x62fe00",[922,1308,1309],{},"你还可以直接用数组名做加法来遍历：",[926,1311,1313],{"className":928,"code":1312,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"#include \u003Ciostream>\nusing namespace std;\nint main() {\n    int a[5]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};\n    for (int i{0}; i \u003C 5; i++) {\n        cout \u003C\u003C *(a + i) \u003C\u003C endl;\n    }\n}\n",[933,1314,1315,1330,1344,1357,1396,1428,1453,1459],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,1316,1317,1320,1323,1327],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,1318,1319],{"class":1103},"#include",[936,1321,1322],{"class":950}," \u003C",[936,1324,1326],{"class":1325},"sfazB","iostream",[936,1328,1329],{"class":950},">\n",[936,1331,1332,1335,1338,1342],{"class":938,"line":961},[936,1333,1334],{"class":954},"using",[936,1336,1337],{"class":942}," namespace",[936,1339,1341],{"class":1340},"sBMFI"," std",[936,1343,1170],{"class":950},[936,1345,1346,1348,1352,1355],{"class":938,"line":1143},[936,1347,943],{"class":942},[936,1349,1351],{"class":1350},"s2Zo4"," main",[936,1353,1354],{"class":950},"()",[936,1356,1140],{"class":950},[936,1358,1359,1362,1364,1366,1368,1371,1374,1377,1380,1382,1385,1387,1390,1392,1394],{"class":938,"line":1173},[936,1360,1361],{"class":942},"    int",[936,1363,947],{"class":946},[936,1365,951],{"class":950},[936,1367,955],{"class":954},[936,1369,1370],{"class":950},"]{",[936,1372,1373],{"class":954},"1",[936,1375,1376],{"class":950},",",[936,1378,1379],{"class":954}," 2",[936,1381,1376],{"class":950},[936,1383,1384],{"class":954}," 3",[936,1386,1376],{"class":950},[936,1388,1389],{"class":954}," 4",[936,1391,1376],{"class":950},[936,1393,1129],{"class":954},[936,1395,1029],{"class":950},[936,1397,1399,1402,1404,1406,1408,1410,1412,1414,1416,1418,1420,1422,1424,1426],{"class":938,"line":1398},5,[936,1400,1401],{"class":1103},"    for",[936,1403,1107],{"class":950},[936,1405,943],{"class":942},[936,1407,1112],{"class":946},[936,1409,980],{"class":954},[936,1411,1117],{"class":946},[936,1413,1120],{"class":950},[936,1415,1123],{"class":946},[936,1417,1126],{"class":950},[936,1419,1129],{"class":954},[936,1421,1120],{"class":950},[936,1423,1134],{"class":946},[936,1425,1137],{"class":950},[936,1427,1140],{"class":950},[936,1429,1431,1434,1436,1438,1441,1443,1445,1447,1449,1451],{"class":938,"line":1430},6,[936,1432,1433],{"class":1019},"        cout ",[936,1435,1149],{"class":950},[936,1437,1152],{"class":950},[936,1439,1440],{"class":1019},"a ",[936,1442,1023],{"class":950},[936,1444,1134],{"class":1019},[936,1446,1161],{"class":950},[936,1448,1164],{"class":950},[936,1450,1167],{"class":1019},[936,1452,1170],{"class":950},[936,1454,1456],{"class":938,"line":1455},7,[936,1457,1458],{"class":950},"    }\n",[936,1460,1462],{"class":938,"line":1461},8,[936,1463,1176],{"class":950},[922,1465,1466,1467,1470,1471,1474],{},"这是因为，数组不能做加法，但指针却能。所以这时发生数组到指针的转换，",[933,1468,1469],{},"a + i"," 理解为 ",[933,1472,1473],{},"&a[0] + i","。接下来的过程就和上文中的内容一样了，这里不再赘述。",[922,1476,1477,1478,1481,1482,1485],{},"类似的情形还出现在函数调用上。我们之前提及过，函数的参数",[1246,1479,1480],{},"不能是数组","。但是函数的参数",[1246,1483,1484],{},"可以是一个指针","！所以当你把数组作为函数参数时——",[926,1487,1489],{"className":928,"code":1488,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"#include \u003Ciostream>\nusing namespace std;\nvoid f(int x[5]) {\n    \u002F\u002F 此时 x 实际上是一个指针，下面输出的是 sizeof(int*)\n    cout \u003C\u003C sizeof(x) \u003C\u003C endl;\n}\nint main() {\n    int a[5];\n    f(a);\n}\n",[933,1490,1491,1501,1511,1537,1543,1563,1567,1577,1590,1603],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,1492,1493,1495,1497,1499],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,1494,1319],{"class":1103},[936,1496,1322],{"class":950},[936,1498,1326],{"class":1325},[936,1500,1329],{"class":950},[936,1502,1503,1505,1507,1509],{"class":938,"line":961},[936,1504,1334],{"class":954},[936,1506,1337],{"class":942},[936,1508,1341],{"class":1340},[936,1510,1170],{"class":950},[936,1512,1513,1516,1519,1522,1524,1528,1530,1532,1535],{"class":938,"line":1143},[936,1514,1515],{"class":942},"void",[936,1517,1518],{"class":1350}," f",[936,1520,1521],{"class":950},"(",[936,1523,943],{"class":942},[936,1525,1527],{"class":1526},"sHdIc"," x",[936,1529,951],{"class":950},[936,1531,955],{"class":954},[936,1533,1534],{"class":950},"])",[936,1536,1140],{"class":950},[936,1538,1539],{"class":938,"line":1173},[936,1540,1542],{"class":1541},"sHwdD","    \u002F\u002F 此时 x 实际上是一个指针，下面输出的是 sizeof(int*)\n",[936,1544,1545,1547,1549,1552,1555,1557,1559,1561],{"class":938,"line":1398},[936,1546,1146],{"class":946},[936,1548,1149],{"class":950},[936,1550,1551],{"class":950}," sizeof(",[936,1553,1554],{"class":946},"x",[936,1556,1161],{"class":950},[936,1558,1164],{"class":950},[936,1560,1167],{"class":946},[936,1562,1170],{"class":950},[936,1564,1565],{"class":938,"line":1430},[936,1566,1176],{"class":950},[936,1568,1569,1571,1573,1575],{"class":938,"line":1455},[936,1570,943],{"class":942},[936,1572,1351],{"class":1350},[936,1574,1354],{"class":950},[936,1576,1140],{"class":950},[936,1578,1579,1581,1583,1585,1587],{"class":938,"line":1461},[936,1580,1361],{"class":942},[936,1582,947],{"class":946},[936,1584,951],{"class":950},[936,1586,955],{"class":954},[936,1588,1589],{"class":950},"];\n",[936,1591,1593,1596,1598,1600],{"class":938,"line":1592},9,[936,1594,1595],{"class":1350},"    f",[936,1597,1521],{"class":950},[936,1599,975],{"class":946},[936,1601,1602],{"class":950},");\n",[936,1604,1606],{"class":938,"line":1605},10,[936,1607,1176],{"class":950},[922,1609,1610,1611,1614,1615,1618],{},"会发生从数组到指针的转换。而且这个时候，别看形参长成一个数组的样子，但它仍然是一个指针。这个被称为形参数组到指针的退化（Decay）。换而言之，",[933,1612,1613],{},"void f(int x[5]);"," 和 ",[933,1616,1617],{},"void f(int* x);"," 是完全等价的写法。",[922,1620,1621,1622,1625,1626,1629,1630,1633,1634,1637,1638,1641,1642,1645,1646,1648,1649,1652,1653,1656,1657,1190],{},"此外，默认的下标表达式 ",[933,1623,1624],{},"a[b]"," 总是会解析为 ",[933,1627,1628],{},"*(a + b)"," 来运算。因此如果你想获取数组的第四个元素，不仅可以写 ",[933,1631,1632],{},"a[3]","，你甚至可以写 ",[933,1635,1636],{},"3[a]","：因为它只会转换成 ",[933,1639,1640],{},"*(3 + a)","，这和 ",[933,1643,1644],{},"*(a + 3)"," 是完全等价的。类似地，如果你想访问指针 ",[933,1647,1554],{}," 指向元素往后第 ",[933,1650,1651],{},"i"," 个元素，除了 ",[933,1654,1655],{},"*(x + i)"," 这种写法，也可以直接用 ",[933,1658,1659],{},"x[i]",[918,1661,1662],{"id":1662},"数组的地址",[922,1664,1665,1666,1669,1670,1673],{},"最后来考虑这样一个事情。如果有 ",[933,1667,1668],{},"int a[5]{};","，那么 ",[933,1671,1672],{},"&a"," 是什么意思呢？",[922,1675,1676,1677,1679,1680,1682],{},"字面上，",[933,1678,1672],{}," 就是取数组 ",[933,1681,975],{}," 的地址。没错，就是这样。那么请看下面的代码：",[926,1684,1686],{"className":928,"code":1685,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"#include \u003Ciostream>\nusing namespace std;\nint main() {\n    int a[5]{};\n    cout \u003C\u003C &a \u003C\u003C endl;\n    cout \u003C\u003C a \u003C\u003C endl;\n}\n",[933,1687,1688,1698,1708,1718,1730,1747,1761],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,1689,1690,1692,1694,1696],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,1691,1319],{"class":1103},[936,1693,1322],{"class":950},[936,1695,1326],{"class":1325},[936,1697,1329],{"class":950},[936,1699,1700,1702,1704,1706],{"class":938,"line":961},[936,1701,1334],{"class":954},[936,1703,1337],{"class":942},[936,1705,1341],{"class":1340},[936,1707,1170],{"class":950},[936,1709,1710,1712,1714,1716],{"class":938,"line":1143},[936,1711,943],{"class":942},[936,1713,1351],{"class":1350},[936,1715,1354],{"class":950},[936,1717,1140],{"class":950},[936,1719,1720,1722,1724,1726,1728],{"class":938,"line":1173},[936,1721,1361],{"class":942},[936,1723,947],{"class":946},[936,1725,951],{"class":950},[936,1727,955],{"class":954},[936,1729,958],{"class":950},[936,1731,1732,1734,1736,1739,1741,1743,1745],{"class":938,"line":1398},[936,1733,1146],{"class":946},[936,1735,1149],{"class":950},[936,1737,1738],{"class":950}," &",[936,1740,1440],{"class":946},[936,1742,1149],{"class":950},[936,1744,1167],{"class":946},[936,1746,1170],{"class":950},[936,1748,1749,1751,1753,1755,1757,1759],{"class":938,"line":1430},[936,1750,1146],{"class":946},[936,1752,1149],{"class":950},[936,1754,1283],{"class":946},[936,1756,1149],{"class":950},[936,1758,1167],{"class":946},[936,1760,1170],{"class":950},[936,1762,1763],{"class":938,"line":1455},[936,1764,1176],{"class":950},[922,1766,1767],{},"它的输出却是一样的：",[1302,1769,1770],{},[922,1771,1772],{},"0x62fe00\n0x62fe00",[922,1774,1775,1776,1614,1778,1780],{},"这时，",[933,1777,1672],{},[933,1779,975],{}," 有什么区别呢？",[922,1782,1783,1784,1614,1786,1788,1789,1791,1792,1794,1795,1797],{},"首先我来解释为什么 ",[933,1785,1672],{},[933,1787,975],{}," 输出的是一个值。首先，",[933,1790,975],{}," 会转换为 ",[933,1793,1255],{}," 这个地址，此时你要注意到它是数组首元素的首字节地址——而 ",[933,1796,1672],{}," 是整个数组首字节的地址——所以它们两个地址的值是相同的。",[922,1799,1800,1801,1803,1804,1806,1807,1809,1810,1813],{},"不同点在于，这两个地址的基类型不一样。",[933,1802,975],{}," 被转换为指向 ",[933,1805,943],{}," 的指针类型；而 ",[933,1808,1672],{}," 则是指向 ",[933,1811,1812],{},"int[5]"," 的指针类型。所以有了下面的结果：",[926,1815,1817],{"className":928,"code":1816,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"#include \u003Ciostream>\nusing namespace std;\nint main() {\n    int a[5]{};\n    cout \u003C\u003C sizeof(*(&a)) \u003C\u003C endl;\n    cout \u003C\u003C sizeof(*( a)) \u003C\u003C endl;\n}\n",[933,1818,1819,1829,1839,1849,1861,1881,1900],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,1820,1821,1823,1825,1827],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,1822,1319],{"class":1103},[936,1824,1322],{"class":950},[936,1826,1326],{"class":1325},[936,1828,1329],{"class":950},[936,1830,1831,1833,1835,1837],{"class":938,"line":961},[936,1832,1334],{"class":954},[936,1834,1337],{"class":942},[936,1836,1341],{"class":1340},[936,1838,1170],{"class":950},[936,1840,1841,1843,1845,1847],{"class":938,"line":1143},[936,1842,943],{"class":942},[936,1844,1351],{"class":1350},[936,1846,1354],{"class":950},[936,1848,1140],{"class":950},[936,1850,1851,1853,1855,1857,1859],{"class":938,"line":1173},[936,1852,1361],{"class":942},[936,1854,947],{"class":946},[936,1856,951],{"class":950},[936,1858,955],{"class":954},[936,1860,958],{"class":950},[936,1862,1863,1865,1867,1870,1872,1875,1877,1879],{"class":938,"line":1398},[936,1864,1146],{"class":946},[936,1866,1149],{"class":950},[936,1868,1869],{"class":950}," sizeof(*(&",[936,1871,975],{"class":946},[936,1873,1874],{"class":950},"))",[936,1876,1164],{"class":950},[936,1878,1167],{"class":946},[936,1880,1170],{"class":950},[936,1882,1883,1885,1887,1890,1892,1894,1896,1898],{"class":938,"line":1430},[936,1884,1146],{"class":946},[936,1886,1149],{"class":950},[936,1888,1889],{"class":950}," sizeof(*(",[936,1891,947],{"class":946},[936,1893,1874],{"class":950},[936,1895,1164],{"class":950},[936,1897,1167],{"class":946},[936,1899,1170],{"class":950},[936,1901,1902],{"class":938,"line":1455},[936,1903,1176],{"class":950},[1302,1905,1906],{},[922,1907,1908],{},"20\n4",[918,1910,1912],{"id":1911},"c-风格字符串库","C 风格字符串库",[922,1914,1915],{},"既然函数可以处理转换为指针的数组，那么函数也可以处理转换为指针的字符串。比如之前“复制字符串”这个问题，就可以通过一个函数来解决：",[926,1917,1919],{"className":928,"code":1918,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"void copyString(char* dest, const char* src) {\n    for (int i{0}; *(src + i) != '\\0'; i++) {\n        \u002F\u002F 也可直接写作 dest[i] = src[i];\n        *(dest + i)= *(src + i);\n    }\n}\n",[933,1920,1921,1951,1998,2003,2028,2032],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,1922,1923,1925,1928,1930,1933,1936,1938,1941,1944,1947,1949],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,1924,1515],{"class":942},[936,1926,1927],{"class":1350}," copyString",[936,1929,1521],{"class":950},[936,1931,1932],{"class":942},"char*",[936,1934,1935],{"class":1526}," dest",[936,1937,1376],{"class":950},[936,1939,1940],{"class":942}," const",[936,1942,1943],{"class":942}," char*",[936,1945,1946],{"class":1526}," src",[936,1948,1161],{"class":950},[936,1950,1140],{"class":950},[936,1952,1953,1955,1957,1959,1961,1963,1965,1967,1969,1972,1974,1976,1978,1981,1984,1987,1990,1992,1994,1996],{"class":938,"line":961},[936,1954,1401],{"class":1103},[936,1956,1107],{"class":950},[936,1958,943],{"class":942},[936,1960,1112],{"class":946},[936,1962,980],{"class":954},[936,1964,1117],{"class":946},[936,1966,1120],{"class":950},[936,1968,1152],{"class":950},[936,1970,1971],{"class":946},"src ",[936,1973,1023],{"class":950},[936,1975,1134],{"class":946},[936,1977,1161],{"class":950},[936,1979,1980],{"class":950}," !=",[936,1982,1983],{"class":950}," '",[936,1985,1986],{"class":946},"\\0",[936,1988,1989],{"class":950},"'",[936,1991,1120],{"class":950},[936,1993,1134],{"class":946},[936,1995,1137],{"class":950},[936,1997,1140],{"class":950},[936,1999,2000],{"class":938,"line":1143},[936,2001,2002],{"class":1541},"        \u002F\u002F 也可直接写作 dest[i] = src[i];\n",[936,2004,2005,2008,2011,2013,2015,2018,2020,2022,2024,2026],{"class":938,"line":1173},[936,2006,2007],{"class":950},"        *(",[936,2009,2010],{"class":1019},"dest ",[936,2012,1023],{"class":950},[936,2014,1134],{"class":1019},[936,2016,2017],{"class":950},")=",[936,2019,1152],{"class":950},[936,2021,1971],{"class":1019},[936,2023,1023],{"class":950},[936,2025,1134],{"class":1019},[936,2027,1602],{"class":950},[936,2029,2030],{"class":938,"line":1398},[936,2031,1458],{"class":950},[936,2033,2034],{"class":938,"line":1430},[936,2035,1176],{"class":950},[922,2037,2038,2039,2042,2043,2046,2047,2050],{},"这个函数通过遍历 ",[933,2040,2041],{},"src"," 指针所指向的字符串，逐一将内容复制到 ",[933,2044,2045],{},"dest"," 所指向的字符串中。不过，",[933,2048,2049],{},"\u003Ccstring>"," 头文件中已经提供了这些操作 C 风格字符串的函数。常用的有：",[2052,2053,2054,2066],"table",{},[2055,2056,2057],"thead",{},[2058,2059,2060,2063],"tr",{},[2061,2062,240],"th",{},[2061,2064,2065],{},"作用",[2067,2068,2069,2084,2094,2110],"tbody",{},[2058,2070,2071,2077],{},[2072,2073,2074],"td",{},[933,2075,2076],{},"unsigned strlen(const char*)",[2072,2078,2079,2080,2083],{},"求字符串长度（在",[975,2081,2082],{"href":436},"后续章节","中使用）",[2058,2085,2086,2091],{},[2072,2087,2088],{},[933,2089,2090],{},"int strcmp(const char*, const char*)",[2072,2092,2093],{},"字典序比较字符串。相等时返回 0",[2058,2095,2096,2101],{},[2072,2097,2098],{},[933,2099,2100],{},"char* strcpy(char* dest, const char* src)",[2072,2102,2103,2104,2106,2107,2109],{},"将 ",[933,2105,2041],{}," 指向的字符串复制到 ",[933,2108,2045],{}," 所指位置上",[2058,2111,2112,2117],{},[2072,2113,2114],{},[933,2115,2116],{},"char* strcat(char* dest, const char* src)",[2072,2118,2103,2119,2106,2121,2123],{},[933,2120,2041],{},[933,2122,2045],{}," 所指字符串的末尾（拼接）",[922,2125,2126],{},"使用它们的例子：",[926,2128,2130],{"className":928,"code":2129,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"#include \u003Ccstring>\n#include \u003Ciostream>\nint main() {\n    char a[15]{\"Hello\"};\n    char b[15]{};\n\n    \u002F\u002F a 隐式转换为指向 a[0] 的指针，作为 std::strlen 的实参\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C std::strlen(a) \u003C\u003C std::endl; \u002F\u002F 输出 5\n\n    \u002F\u002F 接下来尝试调用 std::strcpy 将 a 字符串复制到 b 数组内\n    \u002F\u002F （这需要保证 b 数组足够大，能够完整放下 a 字符串）\n    std::strcpy(b, a);\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C b \u003C\u003C std::endl; \u002F\u002F 输出 Hello\n\n    \u002F\u002F 最后尝试调用 std::strcat 将 a 字符串拼接到 b 字符串后面\n    \u002F\u002F （这需要保证 b 数组足够大，能够放下拼接完的字符串）\n    std::strcat(b, a);\n    std::cout \u003C\u003C b \u003C\u003C std::endl; \u002F\u002F 输出 HelloHello\n}\n",[933,2131,2132,2143,2153,2163,2187,2200,2206,2211,2250,2254,2259,2265,2286,2313,2318,2324,2330,2350,2376],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,2133,2134,2136,2138,2141],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,2135,1319],{"class":1103},[936,2137,1322],{"class":950},[936,2139,2140],{"class":1325},"cstring",[936,2142,1329],{"class":950},[936,2144,2145,2147,2149,2151],{"class":938,"line":961},[936,2146,1319],{"class":1103},[936,2148,1322],{"class":950},[936,2150,1326],{"class":1325},[936,2152,1329],{"class":950},[936,2154,2155,2157,2159,2161],{"class":938,"line":1143},[936,2156,943],{"class":942},[936,2158,1351],{"class":1350},[936,2160,1354],{"class":950},[936,2162,1140],{"class":950},[936,2164,2165,2168,2170,2172,2175,2177,2180,2183,2185],{"class":938,"line":1173},[936,2166,2167],{"class":942},"    char",[936,2169,947],{"class":946},[936,2171,951],{"class":950},[936,2173,2174],{"class":954},"15",[936,2176,1370],{"class":950},[936,2178,2179],{"class":950},"\"",[936,2181,2182],{"class":1325},"Hello",[936,2184,2179],{"class":950},[936,2186,1029],{"class":950},[936,2188,2189,2191,2194,2196,2198],{"class":938,"line":1398},[936,2190,2167],{"class":942},[936,2192,2193],{"class":946}," b",[936,2195,951],{"class":950},[936,2197,2174],{"class":954},[936,2199,958],{"class":950},[936,2201,2202],{"class":938,"line":1430},[936,2203,2205],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":2204},true,"\n",[936,2207,2208],{"class":938,"line":1455},[936,2209,2210],{"class":1541},"    \u002F\u002F a 隐式转换为指向 a[0] 的指针，作为 std::strlen 的实参\n",[936,2212,2213,2216,2219,2221,2223,2225,2227,2230,2232,2234,2236,2238,2240,2242,2245,2247],{"class":938,"line":1461},[936,2214,2215],{"class":1340},"    std",[936,2217,2218],{"class":950},"::",[936,2220,1278],{"class":946},[936,2222,1149],{"class":950},[936,2224,1341],{"class":1340},[936,2226,2218],{"class":950},[936,2228,2229],{"class":1350},"strlen",[936,2231,1521],{"class":950},[936,2233,975],{"class":946},[936,2235,1161],{"class":950},[936,2237,1164],{"class":950},[936,2239,1341],{"class":1340},[936,2241,2218],{"class":950},[936,2243,2244],{"class":946},"endl",[936,2246,1120],{"class":950},[936,2248,2249],{"class":1541}," \u002F\u002F 输出 5\n",[936,2251,2252],{"class":938,"line":1592},[936,2253,2205],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":2204},[936,2255,2256],{"class":938,"line":1605},[936,2257,2258],{"class":1541},"    \u002F\u002F 接下来尝试调用 std::strcpy 将 a 字符串复制到 b 数组内\n",[936,2260,2262],{"class":938,"line":2261},11,[936,2263,2264],{"class":1541},"    \u002F\u002F （这需要保证 b 数组足够大，能够完整放下 a 字符串）\n",[936,2266,2268,2270,2272,2275,2277,2280,2282,2284],{"class":938,"line":2267},12,[936,2269,2215],{"class":1340},[936,2271,2218],{"class":950},[936,2273,2274],{"class":1350},"strcpy",[936,2276,1521],{"class":950},[936,2278,2279],{"class":946},"b",[936,2281,1376],{"class":950},[936,2283,947],{"class":946},[936,2285,1602],{"class":950},[936,2287,2289,2291,2293,2295,2297,2300,2302,2304,2306,2308,2310],{"class":938,"line":2288},13,[936,2290,2215],{"class":1340},[936,2292,2218],{"class":950},[936,2294,1278],{"class":946},[936,2296,1149],{"class":950},[936,2298,2299],{"class":946}," b ",[936,2301,1149],{"class":950},[936,2303,1341],{"class":1340},[936,2305,2218],{"class":950},[936,2307,2244],{"class":946},[936,2309,1120],{"class":950},[936,2311,2312],{"class":1541}," \u002F\u002F 输出 Hello\n",[936,2314,2316],{"class":938,"line":2315},14,[936,2317,2205],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":2204},[936,2319,2321],{"class":938,"line":2320},15,[936,2322,2323],{"class":1541},"    \u002F\u002F 最后尝试调用 std::strcat 将 a 字符串拼接到 b 字符串后面\n",[936,2325,2327],{"class":938,"line":2326},16,[936,2328,2329],{"class":1541},"    \u002F\u002F （这需要保证 b 数组足够大，能够放下拼接完的字符串）\n",[936,2331,2333,2335,2337,2340,2342,2344,2346,2348],{"class":938,"line":2332},17,[936,2334,2215],{"class":1340},[936,2336,2218],{"class":950},[936,2338,2339],{"class":1350},"strcat",[936,2341,1521],{"class":950},[936,2343,2279],{"class":946},[936,2345,1376],{"class":950},[936,2347,947],{"class":946},[936,2349,1602],{"class":950},[936,2351,2353,2355,2357,2359,2361,2363,2365,2367,2369,2371,2373],{"class":938,"line":2352},18,[936,2354,2215],{"class":1340},[936,2356,2218],{"class":950},[936,2358,1278],{"class":946},[936,2360,1149],{"class":950},[936,2362,2299],{"class":946},[936,2364,1149],{"class":950},[936,2366,1341],{"class":1340},[936,2368,2218],{"class":950},[936,2370,2244],{"class":946},[936,2372,1120],{"class":950},[936,2374,2375],{"class":1541}," \u002F\u002F 输出 HelloHello\n",[936,2377,2379],{"class":938,"line":2378},19,[936,2380,1176],{"class":950},[922,2382,2383,2384,2387,2388,2390,2391,1190],{},"可以看出，C 风格字符串的使用不是特别容易。因此，C++ 提供了 ",[933,2385,2386],{},"std::string"," 类来解决这些问题。但 ",[933,2389,2386],{}," 的使用需要更多的知识，我把它的介绍放在了",[975,2392,2393],{"href":502},"第六章的结尾",[918,2395,2396],{"id":2396},"注意事项",[922,2398,2399,2400,2402,2403,2405,2406,2412,2413,2415,2416,2419],{},"我们之前说到，如果 ",[933,2401,1295],{}," 后面接的是一个字符数组，那么可以做到输出一个字符串。然而这里应当发生数组到指针的隐式转换，所以 ",[933,2404,1295],{}," 实际上是",[1246,2407,2408,2409,2411],{},"对 ",[933,2410,1932],{}," 类型的输出做了特殊的处理","。这也就是为什么我们不能直接通过 ",[933,2414,1299],{}," 输出指向 ",[933,2417,2418],{},"char"," 类型的指针：",[926,2421,2423],{"className":928,"code":2422,"language":930,"meta":931,"style":931},"char a{};\nchar* p{&a};\ncout \u003C\u003C p \u003C\u003C endl; \u002F\u002F 输出空字符串，而非地址\n",[933,2424,2425,2434,2448],{"__ignoreMap":931},[936,2426,2427,2429,2431],{"class":938,"line":939},[936,2428,2418],{"class":942},[936,2430,947],{"class":946},[936,2432,2433],{"class":950},"{};\n",[936,2435,2436,2438,2440,2442,2444,2446],{"class":938,"line":961},[936,2437,2418],{"class":942},[936,2439,966],{"class":950},[936,2441,969],{"class":946},[936,2443,972],{"class":950},[936,2445,975],{"class":1019},[936,2447,1029],{"class":950},[936,2449,2450,2452,2454,2457,2459,2461,2463],{"class":938,"line":1143},[936,2451,1278],{"class":946},[936,2453,1149],{"class":950},[936,2455,2456],{"class":946}," p ",[936,2458,1149],{"class":950},[936,2460,1167],{"class":946},[936,2462,1120],{"class":950},[936,2464,2465],{"class":1541}," \u002F\u002F 输出空字符串，而非地址\n",[922,2467,2468],{},"我们将在下一节中解决这个问题。",[2470,2471,2472],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .spNyl, html code.shiki .spNyl{--shiki-light:#9C3EDA;--shiki-default:#C792EA;--shiki-dark:#C792EA}html pre.shiki code .sTEyZ, html code.shiki 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