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   while",[932,1122,1123],{"class":942}," (",[932,1125,1126],{"class":993},"i ",[932,1128,1129],{"class":942},"\u003C",[932,1131,1132],{"class":956}," 10",[932,1134,1135],{"class":942},")",[932,1137,984],{"class":942},[932,1139,1141,1145,1148,1150,1152,1154,1157,1160,1163],{"class":934,"line":1140},7,[932,1142,1144],{"class":1143},"swJcz","        cout ",[932,1146,1147],{"class":942},"\u003C\u003C",[932,1149,1012],{"class":993},[932,1151,1015],{"class":942},[932,1153,1101],{"class":1143},[932,1155,1156],{"class":942},"]",[932,1158,1159],{"class":942}," \u003C\u003C",[932,1161,1162],{"class":1143}," endl",[932,1164,968],{"class":942},[932,1166,1168,1171,1174,1177,1180,1183],{"class":934,"line":1167},8,[932,1169,1170],{"class":1143},"        i ",[932,1172,1173],{"class":942},"=",[932,1175,1176],{"class":1143}," i ",[932,1178,1179],{"class":942},"+",[932,1181,1182],{"class":956}," 1",[932,1184,968],{"class":942},[932,1186,1188],{"class":934,"line":1187},9,[932,1189,1190],{"class":942},"    }\n",[932,1192,1194],{"class":934,"line":1193},10,[932,1195,1196],{"class":942},"}\n",[918,1198,1199,1200,1202,1203,1205,1206,1202,1208,1210],{},"你可以试一下这个例子。这段程序编译运行的结果，是将 ",[929,1201,1027],{}," 到 ",[929,1204,1110],{}," 这是个字母一行一个地输出出来。那么这是怎么做到的呢？你可以注意到第 5 行貌似写出了从 ",[929,1207,1027],{},[929,1209,1110],{}," 这十个字母，应该也能猜到这就是这段程序工作的核心原理。",[918,1212,1213,1214,1218,1219,1221,1222,1224,1225,1228,1229,1232,1233,1232,1236,1239,1240,1242],{},"没错，这一行就声明并定义了一个数组。",[1215,1216,1217],"strong",{},"数组类型","（Array type）是一种特殊的变量类型，它实际上由有限个相同类型的变量“合在一起”组成；一个数组类型的变量被称为",[1215,1220,279],{},"（Array）。比如上述程序的第 5 行所声明并定义的数组 ",[929,1223,1027],{}," ，这个数组由 10 个 ",[929,1226,1227],{},"char"," 类型的变量“合在一起”组成。另外，你可以通过 ",[929,1230,1231],{},"a[0]"," ",[929,1234,1235],{},"a[1]",[929,1237,1238],{},"a[2]"," ……的方式去分别依次获取这 10 个 ",[929,1241,1227],{}," 类型的变量——这就是第 7 行的工作原理。",[1244,1245,1246],"blockquote",{},[918,1247,1248,1249,1252,1253,1255,1256,1259,1260,1263,1264,1267],{},"数组 ",[929,1250,1251],{},"T a[n]"," 实际上指：名字 ",[929,1254,1027],{}," 指代了 ",[929,1257,1258],{},"n"," 块",[1215,1261,1262],{},"连续的","存储空间，这些存储空间分别是 ",[929,1265,1266],{},"T"," 类型的变量。",[918,1269,1270],{},"首先来看数组的声明语句的写法：",[1272,1273,1274],"sdsc",{},[918,1275,1276,1277,1280,1281,1284],{},"类型说明符 数组名\"",[932,1278,1279],{},"\"数组大小\"","\" ",[932,1282,1283],{},"初始化器","\";\"",[918,1286,1287,1288,1291,1292,1295,1296,1299,1300,1303],{},"你会发现这个写法和普通变量非常相似，只不过多了一个 ",[929,1289,1290],{},"@\"[\"数组大小\"]\"@"," 。这段声明语句的含义是什么呢？它声明并定义了一个数组，这个数组包含 ",[929,1293,1294],{},"@数组大小@"," 这么多个 ",[929,1297,1298],{},"@类型说明符@"," 类型的变量；并用 ",[929,1301,1302],{},"@初始化器@"," 提供的值进行初始化。听上去很复杂，看看下面的例子：",[922,1305,1307],{"className":924,"code":1306,"language":926,"meta":927,"style":927},"int a[5]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};\n",[929,1308,1309],{"__ignoreMap":927},[932,1310,1311,1313,1315,1317,1320,1322,1325,1327,1330,1332,1335,1337,1340,1342,1345],{"class":934,"line":935},[932,1312,974],{"class":960},[932,1314,1012],{"class":993},[932,1316,1015],{"class":942},[932,1318,1319],{"class":956},"5",[932,1321,1021],{"class":942},[932,1323,1324],{"class":956},"1",[932,1326,1032],{"class":942},[932,1328,1329],{"class":956}," 2",[932,1331,1032],{"class":942},[932,1333,1334],{"class":956}," 3",[932,1336,1032],{"class":942},[932,1338,1339],{"class":956}," 4",[932,1341,1032],{"class":942},[932,1343,1344],{"class":956}," 5",[932,1346,1003],{"class":942},[918,1348,1349,1350,1352,1353,1355,1356,1358,1359,1362,1363,1355,1365,1367,1368,1232,1370,1232,1373,1232,1376,1232,1379,1381],{},"这里声明了一个名字叫 ",[929,1351,1027],{}," 的数组。它是由 ",[929,1354,1319],{}," 个 ",[929,1357,974],{}," 型的变量“合在一起”形成的一个“大”变量。除此之外，这个声明语句提供了形如 ",[929,1360,1361],{},"{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}"," 的初始化器——意思也很直接，就是说把这 ",[929,1364,1319],{},[929,1366,974],{}," 型的变量分别初始化为 ",[929,1369,1324],{},[929,1371,1372],{},"2",[929,1374,1375],{},"3",[929,1377,1378],{},"4",[929,1380,1319],{}," 。",[1244,1383,1384],{},[918,1385,1386],{},"这里我不必太多介绍初始化器了。因为它和原先普通变量的初始化器相比不过是改成了用逗号分隔的列表而已。这些列表中的值会逐一地初始化数组对应位置的值。",[918,1388,1389,1390,1393,1394,1397],{},"数组本身作为一个“大”变量并没有什么太多存在感，实际上我们更想要组成这个数组的那些“小”变量。这些“小”变量被称为数组的",[1215,1391,1392],{},"元素","（Element）。我们可以非常简单地通过数组名 + 方括号 ",[929,1395,1396],{},"[]"," 的形式来访问这些元素。比如：",[922,1399,1401],{"className":924,"code":1400,"language":926,"meta":927,"style":927},"a[0]; \u002F\u002F 访问数组的第一个元素，它是一个 int 类型的变量，刚刚被初始化为 1\na[1]; \u002F\u002F 访问数组的第二个元素，它刚刚被初始化为 2\na[2];\na[3];\na[4]; \u002F\u002F 这是数组的最后一个元素\n",[929,1402,1403,1418,1431,1442,1452],{"__ignoreMap":927},[932,1404,1405,1407,1409,1411,1414],{"class":934,"line":935},[932,1406,1027],{"class":993},[932,1408,1015],{"class":942},[932,1410,1000],{"class":956},[932,1412,1413],{"class":942},"];",[932,1415,1417],{"class":1416},"sHwdD"," \u002F\u002F 访问数组的第一个元素，它是一个 int 类型的变量，刚刚被初始化为 1\n",[932,1419,1420,1422,1424,1426,1428],{"class":934,"line":953},[932,1421,1027],{"class":993},[932,1423,1015],{"class":942},[932,1425,1324],{"class":956},[932,1427,1413],{"class":942},[932,1429,1430],{"class":1416}," \u002F\u002F 访问数组的第二个元素，它刚刚被初始化为 2\n",[932,1432,1433,1435,1437,1439],{"class":934,"line":971},[932,1434,1027],{"class":993},[932,1436,1015],{"class":942},[932,1438,1372],{"class":956},[932,1440,1441],{"class":942},"];\n",[932,1443,1444,1446,1448,1450],{"class":934,"line":987},[932,1445,1027],{"class":993},[932,1447,1015],{"class":942},[932,1449,1375],{"class":956},[932,1451,1441],{"class":942},[932,1453,1454,1456,1458,1460,1462],{"class":934,"line":1006},[932,1455,1027],{"class":993},[932,1457,1015],{"class":942},[932,1459,1378],{"class":956},[932,1461,1413],{"class":942},[932,1463,1464],{"class":1416}," \u002F\u002F 这是数组的最后一个元素\n",[918,1466,1467,1468,1470,1471,1473,1474,1477,1478,1481],{},"你已经注意到了：使用 ",[929,1469,1396],{}," 访问元素的时候，是从 ",[929,1472,1000],{}," 开始的，也就是说对于长度为 5 的数组，最多只能用到 ",[929,1475,1476],{},"a[4]"," ，而 ",[929,1479,1480],{},"a[5]"," 则是错误的。这和我们平常“第一”“第二”的说法有一点点不同，请慢慢习惯。",[1483,1484,1485],"h2",{"id":1485},"注意事项",[918,1487,1488,1489],{},"数组用起来很有用，但也很麻烦；因为数组有着太多太多的细节问题，以至于我们这里只能简单提及，更详细的说明将会在下一章中才能展开。不过尽管如此，",[1215,1490,1491],{},"请仔细阅读接下来的文字，因为它们至关重要！",[1493,1494,1495,1507,1518,1534],"ol",{},[1496,1497,1498,1499,1502,1503,1506],"li",{},"在声明并定义数组时，要求",[1215,1500,1501],{},"数组的大小必须是常量","，而且是正数。注意要求",[1215,1504,1505],{},"是常量而不仅是只读变量","。",[1496,1508,1509,1510,1513,1514,1517],{},"数组在 C++ 属于“二等公民”，因此它并不能和普通变量“平起平坐”。比如：",[1215,1511,1512],{},"数组不能被整体赋值","，",[929,1515,1516],{},"a = {1, 2, 3}"," 是语法错误。若想实现对数组的整体赋值，只能对数组的每一个元素进行赋值。",[1496,1519,1520,1521,1523,1524,1526,1527,1529,1530,1533],{},"通过中括号 ",[929,1522,1396],{}," 访问数组时，若访问的元素不合法（比如长度为 ",[929,1525,1319],{}," 的数组 ",[929,1528,1027],{}," ，去访问元素 ",[929,1531,1532],{},"a[10]"," ），则**不会给出编译错误，甚至运行时也不会给出错误！**因此请在处理数组时谨慎设定长度。",[1496,1535,1536,1537,1540,1541,1544,1545,1548],{},"数组的初始化器可以为空，比如 ",[929,1538,1539],{},"int a[5]{};"," 。这个时候，会将数组中的",[1215,1542,1543],{},"每一个元素初始化为零","。但是空的初始化器不代表可以不写初始化器；",[1215,1546,1547],{},"不写初始化器的话不会进行初始化","，也就是不知道每一个元素的值是多少。",[918,1550,1551,1552,1555],{},"::: danger\n",[1215,1553,1554],{},"数组不能整体赋值，数组不能整体赋值，数组不能整体赋值！"," 请将这句话牢牢记在心里。\n:::",[1483,1557,1558],{"id":1558},"简单应用",[918,1560,1561],{},"我在这里通过一道例题来简单介绍数组的一种应用方式：用于统计。",[918,1563,1564],{},"用户首先输入一个正整数 n，最后输入 n 个介于 $0\\sim 20$ 之间（含）的整数。要求程序输出 $0\\sim 20$ 之间每个数被输入的次数。这是一道典型的可以运用数组解决的问题。你可以先停下来想一想怎样去写这个程序。如果没有思路的话，请继续来看：",[922,1566,1568],{"className":924,"code":1567,"language":926,"meta":927,"style":927},"#include \u003Ciostream>\nusing namespace std;\nint main() {\n    int n{0}, x{0}, i{1};\n    int cnt[21]{};         \u002F\u002F 初始化器内留空，表明全部初始化为 0\n    cin >> n;\n    while (i \u003C= n) {\n        cin >> x;\n        cnt[x] = cnt[x] + 1;\n        i = i + 1;\n    }\n    i = 0;\n    while (i \u003C= 20) {\n        if (cnt[i] > 0) {\n            cout \u003C\u003C \"Number \" \u003C\u003C i \u003C\u003C \" was entered \" \u003C\u003C cnt[i] \u003C\u003C \" time(s).\" \u003C\u003C endl;\n        }\n        i = i + 1;\n    }\n}\n",[929,1569,1570,1580,1590,1600,1631,1649,1661,1678,1689,1719,1733,1738,1751,1769,1795,1850,1856,1871,1876],{"__ignoreMap":927},[932,1571,1572,1574,1576,1578],{"class":934,"line":935},[932,1573,939],{"class":938},[932,1575,943],{"class":942},[932,1577,947],{"class":946},[932,1579,950],{"class":942},[932,1581,1582,1584,1586,1588],{"class":934,"line":953},[932,1583,957],{"class":956},[932,1585,961],{"class":960},[932,1587,965],{"class":964},[932,1589,968],{"class":942},[932,1591,1592,1594,1596,1598],{"class":934,"line":971},[932,1593,974],{"class":960},[932,1595,978],{"class":977},[932,1597,981],{"class":942},[932,1599,984],{"class":942},[932,1601,1602,1604,1607,1609,1611,1614,1617,1619,1621,1623,1625,1627,1629],{"class":934,"line":987},[932,1603,990],{"class":960},[932,1605,1606],{"class":993}," n",[932,1608,997],{"class":942},[932,1610,1000],{"class":956},[932,1612,1613],{"class":942},"},",[932,1615,1616],{"class":993}," x",[932,1618,997],{"class":942},[932,1620,1000],{"class":956},[932,1622,1613],{"class":942},[932,1624,994],{"class":993},[932,1626,997],{"class":942},[932,1628,1324],{"class":956},[932,1630,1003],{"class":942},[932,1632,1633,1635,1638,1640,1643,1646],{"class":934,"line":1006},[932,1634,990],{"class":960},[932,1636,1637],{"class":993}," cnt",[932,1639,1015],{"class":942},[932,1641,1642],{"class":956},"21",[932,1644,1645],{"class":942},"]{};",[932,1647,1648],{"class":1416},"         \u002F\u002F 初始化器内留空，表明全部初始化为 0\n",[932,1650,1651,1654,1657,1659],{"class":934,"line":1117},[932,1652,1653],{"class":993},"    cin ",[932,1655,1656],{"class":942},">>",[932,1658,1606],{"class":993},[932,1660,968],{"class":942},[932,1662,1663,1665,1667,1669,1672,1674,1676],{"class":934,"line":1140},[932,1664,1120],{"class":938},[932,1666,1123],{"class":942},[932,1668,1126],{"class":993},[932,1670,1671],{"class":942},"\u003C=",[932,1673,1606],{"class":993},[932,1675,1135],{"class":942},[932,1677,984],{"class":942},[932,1679,1680,1683,1685,1687],{"class":934,"line":1167},[932,1681,1682],{"class":1143},"        cin ",[932,1684,1656],{"class":942},[932,1686,1616],{"class":1143},[932,1688,968],{"class":942},[932,1690,1691,1694,1696,1699,1701,1704,1706,1708,1710,1712,1715,1717],{"class":934,"line":1187},[932,1692,1693],{"class":993},"        cnt",[932,1695,1015],{"class":942},[932,1697,1698],{"class":1143},"x",[932,1700,1156],{"class":942},[932,1702,1703],{"class":942}," =",[932,1705,1637],{"class":993},[932,1707,1015],{"class":942},[932,1709,1698],{"class":1143},[932,1711,1156],{"class":942},[932,1713,1714],{"class":942}," +",[932,1716,1182],{"class":956},[932,1718,968],{"class":942},[932,1720,1721,1723,1725,1727,1729,1731],{"class":934,"line":1193},[932,1722,1170],{"class":1143},[932,1724,1173],{"class":942},[932,1726,1176],{"class":1143},[932,1728,1179],{"class":942},[932,1730,1182],{"class":956},[932,1732,968],{"class":942},[932,1734,1736],{"class":934,"line":1735},11,[932,1737,1190],{"class":942},[932,1739,1741,1744,1746,1749],{"class":934,"line":1740},12,[932,1742,1743],{"class":993},"    i ",[932,1745,1173],{"class":942},[932,1747,1748],{"class":956}," 0",[932,1750,968],{"class":942},[932,1752,1754,1756,1758,1760,1762,1765,1767],{"class":934,"line":1753},13,[932,1755,1120],{"class":938},[932,1757,1123],{"class":942},[932,1759,1126],{"class":993},[932,1761,1671],{"class":942},[932,1763,1764],{"class":956}," 20",[932,1766,1135],{"class":942},[932,1768,984],{"class":942},[932,1770,1772,1775,1777,1780,1782,1784,1786,1789,1791,1793],{"class":934,"line":1771},14,[932,1773,1774],{"class":938},"        if",[932,1776,1123],{"class":942},[932,1778,1779],{"class":993},"cnt",[932,1781,1015],{"class":942},[932,1783,1101],{"class":1143},[932,1785,1156],{"class":942},[932,1787,1788],{"class":942}," >",[932,1790,1748],{"class":956},[932,1792,1135],{"class":942},[932,1794,984],{"class":942},[932,1796,1798,1801,1803,1806,1809,1812,1814,1816,1818,1820,1823,1825,1827,1829,1831,1833,1835,1837,1839,1842,1844,1846,1848],{"class":934,"line":1797},15,[932,1799,1800],{"class":1143},"            cout ",[932,1802,1147],{"class":942},[932,1804,1805],{"class":942}," \"",[932,1807,1808],{"class":946},"Number ",[932,1810,1811],{"class":942},"\"",[932,1813,1159],{"class":942},[932,1815,1176],{"class":1143},[932,1817,1147],{"class":942},[932,1819,1805],{"class":942},[932,1821,1822],{"class":946}," was entered ",[932,1824,1811],{"class":942},[932,1826,1159],{"class":942},[932,1828,1637],{"class":993},[932,1830,1015],{"class":942},[932,1832,1101],{"class":1143},[932,1834,1156],{"class":942},[932,1836,1159],{"class":942},[932,1838,1805],{"class":942},[932,1840,1841],{"class":946}," time(s).",[932,1843,1811],{"class":942},[932,1845,1159],{"class":942},[932,1847,1162],{"class":1143},[932,1849,968],{"class":942},[932,1851,1853],{"class":934,"line":1852},16,[932,1854,1855],{"class":942},"        }\n",[932,1857,1859,1861,1863,1865,1867,1869],{"class":934,"line":1858},17,[932,1860,1170],{"class":1143},[932,1862,1173],{"class":942},[932,1864,1176],{"class":1143},[932,1866,1179],{"class":942},[932,1868,1182],{"class":956},[932,1870,968],{"class":942},[932,1872,1874],{"class":934,"line":1873},18,[932,1875,1190],{"class":942},[932,1877,1879],{"class":934,"line":1878},19,[932,1880,1196],{"class":942},[918,1882,1883,1884,1887,1888,1891,1892,1894,1895,1897],{},"我可以用一个数组 ",[929,1885,1886],{},"int cnt[21]{};"," 来存储每个数被输入的次数——比如，这个数组里的元素 ",[929,1889,1890],{},"cnt[i]"," 就代表整数 ",[929,1893,1101],{}," 被输入的次数。（为什么数组大小设置为 ",[929,1896,1642],{}," ？）请点击右侧按钮查看完整代码，它编译运行效果是这样的：",[1899,1900,1901],"io-block",{},[918,1902,1903],{},"¶10↵\n¶1 1 2 4 5 20 19 19 8 7↵\nNumber 1 was entered 2 time(s).\nNumber 2 was entered 1 time(s).\nNumber 4 was entered 1 time(s).\nNumber 5 was entered 1 time(s).\nNumber 7 was entered 1 time(s).\nNumber 8 was entered 1 time(s).\nNumber 19 was entered 2 time(s).\nNumber 20 was entered 1 time(s).",[918,1905,1906],{},"看上去不错。我们来理解一下这段代码。首先来看前半段：",[922,1908,1909],{"className":924,"code":1567,"language":926,"meta":927,"style":927},[929,1910,1911,1921,1931,1941,1969,1983,1993,2009,2019,2045,2059,2063,2073,2089,2111,2159,2163,2177,2181],{"__ignoreMap":927},[932,1912,1913,1915,1917,1919],{"class":934,"line":935},[932,1914,939],{"class":938},[932,1916,943],{"class":942},[932,1918,947],{"class":946},[932,1920,950],{"class":942},[932,1922,1923,1925,1927,1929],{"class":934,"line":953},[932,1924,957],{"class":956},[932,1926,961],{"class":960},[932,1928,965],{"class":964},[932,1930,968],{"class":942},[932,1932,1933,1935,1937,1939],{"class":934,"line":971},[932,1934,974],{"class":960},[932,1936,978],{"class":977},[932,1938,981],{"class":942},[932,1940,984],{"class":942},[932,1942,1943,1945,1947,1949,1951,1953,1955,1957,1959,1961,1963,1965,1967],{"class":934,"line":987},[932,1944,990],{"class":960},[932,1946,1606],{"class":993},[932,1948,997],{"class":942},[932,1950,1000],{"class":956},[932,1952,1613],{"class":942},[932,1954,1616],{"class":993},[932,1956,997],{"class":942},[932,1958,1000],{"class":956},[932,1960,1613],{"class":942},[932,1962,994],{"class":993},[932,1964,997],{"class":942},[932,1966,1324],{"class":956},[932,1968,1003],{"class":942},[932,1970,1971,1973,1975,1977,1979,1981],{"class":934,"line":1006},[932,1972,990],{"class":960},[932,1974,1637],{"class":993},[932,1976,1015],{"class":942},[932,1978,1642],{"class":956},[932,1980,1645],{"class":942},[932,1982,1648],{"class":1416},[932,1984,1985,1987,1989,1991],{"class":934,"line":1117},[932,1986,1653],{"class":993},[932,1988,1656],{"class":942},[932,1990,1606],{"class":993},[932,1992,968],{"class":942},[932,1994,1995,1997,1999,2001,2003,2005,2007],{"class":934,"line":1140},[932,1996,1120],{"class":938},[932,1998,1123],{"class":942},[932,2000,1126],{"class":993},[932,2002,1671],{"class":942},[932,2004,1606],{"class":993},[932,2006,1135],{"class":942},[932,2008,984],{"class":942},[932,2010,2011,2013,2015,2017],{"class":934,"line":1167},[932,2012,1682],{"class":1143},[932,2014,1656],{"class":942},[932,2016,1616],{"class":1143},[932,2018,968],{"class":942},[932,2020,2021,2023,2025,2027,2029,2031,2033,2035,2037,2039,2041,2043],{"class":934,"line":1187},[932,2022,1693],{"class":993},[932,2024,1015],{"class":942},[932,2026,1698],{"class":1143},[932,2028,1156],{"class":942},[932,2030,1703],{"class":942},[932,2032,1637],{"class":993},[932,2034,1015],{"class":942},[932,2036,1698],{"class":1143},[932,2038,1156],{"class":942},[932,2040,1714],{"class":942},[932,2042,1182],{"class":956},[932,2044,968],{"class":942},[932,2046,2047,2049,2051,2053,2055,2057],{"class":934,"line":1193},[932,2048,1170],{"class":1143},[932,2050,1173],{"class":942},[932,2052,1176],{"class":1143},[932,2054,1179],{"class":942},[932,2056,1182],{"class":956},[932,2058,968],{"class":942},[932,2060,2061],{"class":934,"line":1735},[932,2062,1190],{"class":942},[932,2064,2065,2067,2069,2071],{"class":934,"line":1740},[932,2066,1743],{"class":993},[932,2068,1173],{"class":942},[932,2070,1748],{"class":956},[932,2072,968],{"class":942},[932,2074,2075,2077,2079,2081,2083,2085,2087],{"class":934,"line":1753},[932,2076,1120],{"class":938},[932,2078,1123],{"class":942},[932,2080,1126],{"class":993},[932,2082,1671],{"class":942},[932,2084,1764],{"class":956},[932,2086,1135],{"class":942},[932,2088,984],{"class":942},[932,2090,2091,2093,2095,2097,2099,2101,2103,2105,2107,2109],{"class":934,"line":1771},[932,2092,1774],{"class":938},[932,2094,1123],{"class":942},[932,2096,1779],{"class":993},[932,2098,1015],{"class":942},[932,2100,1101],{"class":1143},[932,2102,1156],{"class":942},[932,2104,1788],{"class":942},[932,2106,1748],{"class":956},[932,2108,1135],{"class":942},[932,2110,984],{"class":942},[932,2112,2113,2115,2117,2119,2121,2123,2125,2127,2129,2131,2133,2135,2137,2139,2141,2143,2145,2147,2149,2151,2153,2155,2157],{"class":934,"line":1797},[932,2114,1800],{"class":1143},[932,2116,1147],{"class":942},[932,2118,1805],{"class":942},[932,2120,1808],{"class":946},[932,2122,1811],{"class":942},[932,2124,1159],{"class":942},[932,2126,1176],{"class":1143},[932,2128,1147],{"class":942},[932,2130,1805],{"class":942},[932,2132,1822],{"class":946},[932,2134,1811],{"class":942},[932,2136,1159],{"class":942},[932,2138,1637],{"class":993},[932,2140,1015],{"class":942},[932,2142,1101],{"class":1143},[932,2144,1156],{"class":942},[932,2146,1159],{"class":942},[932,2148,1805],{"class":942},[932,2150,1841],{"class":946},[932,2152,1811],{"class":942},[932,2154,1159],{"class":942},[932,2156,1162],{"class":1143},[932,2158,968],{"class":942},[932,2160,2161],{"class":934,"line":1852},[932,2162,1855],{"class":942},[932,2164,2165,2167,2169,2171,2173,2175],{"class":934,"line":1858},[932,2166,1170],{"class":1143},[932,2168,1173],{"class":942},[932,2170,1176],{"class":1143},[932,2172,1179],{"class":942},[932,2174,1182],{"class":956},[932,2176,968],{"class":942},[932,2178,2179],{"class":934,"line":1873},[932,2180,1190],{"class":942},[932,2182,2183],{"class":934,"line":1878},[932,2184,1196],{"class":942},[918,2186,2187,2188,2190,2191,2193,2194,2196,2197,2199,2200,2202,2203,2205,2206,2208,2209,2211,2212,2214,2215,2218,2219,2221,2222,2225,2226,2228,2229,2231,2232,2234],{},"这里就像我刚才所说的声明并定义了一个数组叫 ",[929,2189,1779],{}," ，它的长度为 ",[929,2192,1642],{}," ，也就是里面包含了 21 个小的 ",[929,2195,974],{}," 变量。注意这里是一个空初始化器，意思是数组 ",[929,2198,1779],{}," 内部的元素值全为零。这是我们想要的，因为在输入之前，所有数出现的次数必然是 0。然后输入 ",[929,2201,1258],{}," ，随后令变量 ",[929,2204,1101],{}," 从 ",[929,2207,1324],{}," 递增到 ",[929,2210,1258],{}," ，用于输入这 ",[929,2213,1258],{}," 个要统计的数。在循环内部，首先输入要统计的数，随后就是最关键的一行： ",[929,2216,2217],{},"cnt[x] = cnt[x] + 1;"," 。这一行的含义是，对输入的 ",[929,2220,1698],{}," 对应的次数存放变量 ",[929,2223,2224],{},"cnt[x]"," 增加 ",[929,2227,1324],{}," 。因为目前又输入了一个 ",[929,2230,1698],{}," ，相比之前 ",[929,2233,1698],{}," 的个数就会增加 1 个。于是通过这种方式就可以记录所有数出现的次数。",[918,2236,2237],{},"下半部分相对就很简单了，只不过是一个输出罢了。",[922,2239,2240],{"className":924,"code":1567,"language":926,"meta":927,"style":927},[929,2241,2242,2252,2262,2272,2300,2314,2324,2340,2350,2376,2390,2394,2404,2420,2442,2490,2494,2508,2512],{"__ignoreMap":927},[932,2243,2244,2246,2248,2250],{"class":934,"line":935},[932,2245,939],{"class":938},[932,2247,943],{"class":942},[932,2249,947],{"class":946},[932,2251,950],{"class":942},[932,2253,2254,2256,2258,2260],{"class":934,"line":953},[932,2255,957],{"class":956},[932,2257,961],{"class":960},[932,2259,965],{"class":964},[932,2261,968],{"class":942},[932,2263,2264,2266,2268,2270],{"class":934,"line":971},[932,2265,974],{"class":960},[932,2267,978],{"class":977},[932,2269,981],{"class":942},[932,2271,984],{"class":942},[932,2273,2274,2276,2278,2280,2282,2284,2286,2288,2290,2292,2294,2296,2298],{"class":934,"line":987},[932,2275,990],{"class":960},[932,2277,1606],{"class":993},[932,2279,997],{"class":942},[932,2281,1000],{"class":956},[932,2283,1613],{"class":942},[932,2285,1616],{"class":993},[932,2287,997],{"class":942},[932,2289,1000],{"class":956},[932,2291,1613],{"class":942},[932,2293,994],{"class":993},[932,2295,997],{"class":942},[932,2297,1324],{"class":956},[932,2299,1003],{"class":942},[932,2301,2302,2304,2306,2308,2310,2312],{"class":934,"line":1006},[932,2303,990],{"class":960},[932,2305,1637],{"class":993},[932,2307,1015],{"class":942},[932,2309,1642],{"class":956},[932,2311,1645],{"class":942},[932,2313,1648],{"class":1416},[932,2315,2316,2318,2320,2322],{"class":934,"line":1117},[932,2317,1653],{"class":993},[932,2319,1656],{"class":942},[932,2321,1606],{"class":993},[932,2323,968],{"class":942},[932,2325,2326,2328,2330,2332,2334,2336,2338],{"class":934,"line":1140},[932,2327,1120],{"class":938},[932,2329,1123],{"class":942},[932,2331,1126],{"class":993},[932,2333,1671],{"class":942},[932,2335,1606],{"class":993},[932,2337,1135],{"class":942},[932,2339,984],{"class":942},[932,2341,2342,2344,2346,2348],{"class":934,"line":1167},[932,2343,1682],{"class":1143},[932,2345,1656],{"class":942},[932,2347,1616],{"class":1143},[932,2349,968],{"class":942},[932,2351,2352,2354,2356,2358,2360,2362,2364,2366,2368,2370,2372,2374],{"class":934,"line":1187},[932,2353,1693],{"class":993},[932,2355,1015],{"class":942},[932,2357,1698],{"class":1143},[932,2359,1156],{"class":942},[932,2361,1703],{"class":942},[932,2363,1637],{"class":993},[932,2365,1015],{"class":942},[932,2367,1698],{"class":1143},[932,2369,1156],{"class":942},[932,2371,1714],{"class":942},[932,2373,1182],{"class":956},[932,2375,968],{"class":942},[932,2377,2378,2380,2382,2384,2386,2388],{"class":934,"line":1193},[932,2379,1170],{"class":1143},[932,2381,1173],{"class":942},[932,2383,1176],{"class":1143},[932,2385,1179],{"class":942},[932,2387,1182],{"class":956},[932,2389,968],{"class":942},[932,2391,2392],{"class":934,"line":1735},[932,2393,1190],{"class":942},[932,2395,2396,2398,2400,2402],{"class":934,"line":1740},[932,2397,1743],{"class":993},[932,2399,1173],{"class":942},[932,2401,1748],{"class":956},[932,2403,968],{"class":942},[932,2405,2406,2408,2410,2412,2414,2416,2418],{"class":934,"line":1753},[932,2407,1120],{"class":938},[932,2409,1123],{"class":942},[932,2411,1126],{"class":993},[932,2413,1671],{"class":942},[932,2415,1764],{"class":956},[932,2417,1135],{"class":942},[932,2419,984],{"class":942},[932,2421,2422,2424,2426,2428,2430,2432,2434,2436,2438,2440],{"class":934,"line":1771},[932,2423,1774],{"class":938},[932,2425,1123],{"class":942},[932,2427,1779],{"class":993},[932,2429,1015],{"class":942},[932,2431,1101],{"class":1143},[932,2433,1156],{"class":942},[932,2435,1788],{"class":942},[932,2437,1748],{"class":956},[932,2439,1135],{"class":942},[932,2441,984],{"class":942},[932,2443,2444,2446,2448,2450,2452,2454,2456,2458,2460,2462,2464,2466,2468,2470,2472,2474,2476,2478,2480,2482,2484,2486,2488],{"class":934,"line":1797},[932,2445,1800],{"class":1143},[932,2447,1147],{"class":942},[932,2449,1805],{"class":942},[932,2451,1808],{"class":946},[932,2453,1811],{"class":942},[932,2455,1159],{"class":942},[932,2457,1176],{"class":1143},[932,2459,1147],{"class":942},[932,2461,1805],{"class":942},[932,2463,1822],{"class":946},[932,2465,1811],{"class":942},[932,2467,1159],{"class":942},[932,2469,1637],{"class":993},[932,2471,1015],{"class":942},[932,2473,1101],{"class":1143},[932,2475,1156],{"class":942},[932,2477,1159],{"class":942},[932,2479,1805],{"class":942},[932,2481,1841],{"class":946},[932,2483,1811],{"class":942},[932,2485,1159],{"class":942},[932,2487,1162],{"class":1143},[932,2489,968],{"class":942},[932,2491,2492],{"class":934,"line":1852},[932,2493,1855],{"class":942},[932,2495,2496,2498,2500,2502,2504,2506],{"class":934,"line":1858},[932,2497,1170],{"class":1143},[932,2499,1173],{"class":942},[932,2501,1176],{"class":1143},[932,2503,1179],{"class":942},[932,2505,1182],{"class":956},[932,2507,968],{"class":942},[932,2509,2510],{"class":934,"line":1873},[932,2511,1190],{"class":942},[932,2513,2514],{"class":934,"line":1878},[932,2515,1196],{"class":942},[918,2517,2518,2519,2205,2521,2523,2524,2527,2528,2530,2531,2534,2535,2537],{},"首先令 ",[929,2520,1101],{},[929,2522,1000],{}," 循环到 ",[929,2525,2526],{},"20"," 。这是为了输出数 ",[929,2529,1101],{}," 出现的次数。在循环内部，我们设置只有当出现次数大于零——也就是出现过，而不是没出现——的数输出，因此套了一层 ",[929,2532,2533],{},"if"," 语句，只有满足条件的时候才会输出。输出语句看上去很长，实际上也很好理解，这里不再赘述。最后让 ",[929,2536,1101],{}," 递增，就实现了所有数的次数统计。",[2539,2540,2541],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .s7zQu, html code.shiki .s7zQu{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-default-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic}html pre.shiki code .sMK4o, html code.shiki .sMK4o{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#89DDFF;--shiki-dark:#89DDFF}html pre.shiki code .sfazB, html code.shiki .sfazB{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#C3E88D;--shiki-dark:#C3E88D}html pre.shiki code .sbssI, html code.shiki .sbssI{--shiki-light:#F76D47;--shiki-default:#F78C6C;--shiki-dark:#F78C6C}html pre.shiki code .spNyl, html code.shiki .spNyl{--shiki-light:#9C3EDA;--shiki-default:#C792EA;--shiki-dark:#C792EA}html 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